Abstract
Hypoxia, which is a lowered physiological oxygen tension, is an important biological signal as well as a component of many diseases. In central nervous system, hypoxia is associated with brain injury following the ischemic stroke. Recent studies indicate that hypoxia may not only induce a direct neuronal damage, but it may also initiate inflammatory responses by activating microglia. Toxic inflammatory mediators produced by activated microglia under hypoxic conditions exacerbate the neuronal injury during cerebral ischemia. Pharmacological inhibition of hypoxic activation of microglia may prove to be neuroprotective against ischemic stroke.
Keywords: hypoxia, microglia, inflammation, apoptosis, neurodegeneration, neuronal injury, ischemia
Current Neuropharmacology
Title: Hypoxia as an Initiator of Neuroinflammation: Microglial Connections
Volume: 3 Issue: 2
Author(s): Jiyeon Ock, Hee-Jung Cho, Su Hyung Hong, In Kyeom Kim and Kyoungho Suk
Affiliation:
Keywords: hypoxia, microglia, inflammation, apoptosis, neurodegeneration, neuronal injury, ischemia
Abstract: Hypoxia, which is a lowered physiological oxygen tension, is an important biological signal as well as a component of many diseases. In central nervous system, hypoxia is associated with brain injury following the ischemic stroke. Recent studies indicate that hypoxia may not only induce a direct neuronal damage, but it may also initiate inflammatory responses by activating microglia. Toxic inflammatory mediators produced by activated microglia under hypoxic conditions exacerbate the neuronal injury during cerebral ischemia. Pharmacological inhibition of hypoxic activation of microglia may prove to be neuroprotective against ischemic stroke.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ock Jiyeon, Cho Hee-Jung, Hong Hyung Su, Kim Kyeom In and Suk Kyoungho, Hypoxia as an Initiator of Neuroinflammation: Microglial Connections, Current Neuropharmacology 2005; 3 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159053586681
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159053586681 |
Print ISSN 1570-159X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6190 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
LFA-1 as a Key Regulator of Immune Function: Approaches toward the Development of LFA-1-Based Therapeutics
Current Pharmaceutical Design Iron, Oxidative Stress and Early Neurological Deterioration in Ischemic Stroke
Current Medicinal Chemistry Guide of Hypertensive Crisis Pharmacotherapy
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Editorial [Hot Topic: How Drugs may Work to Better Protect the Gastrointestinal Tract: Mechanisms Involved in Gastrointestinal Tract Protection]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Insulin Growth Factor-I Promotes Functional Recovery After a Focal Lesion in the Dentate Gyrus
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Cardiac Side Effects of Chemotherapy: State of Art and Strategies for a Correct Management
Current Vascular Pharmacology Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor ?? (PPAR??) and Atherosclerosis
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Every Cloud Has a Silver Lining: Proneurogenic Effects of Aβ Oligomers and HMGB-1 via Activation of the RAGE-NF-κB Axis
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Neurohypophyseal Dysfunction During Septic Shock
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Potential Use of Hormone-Based Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimers Disease
Current Alzheimer Research The Guanylyl Cyclase Inhibition by MB as Vasoplegic Circulatory Shock Therapeutical Target
Current Drug Targets Intravitreal Triamcinolone for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema
Current Diabetes Reviews Inflammation in Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Consequences and Possible Drug Targets
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Cognitive, Psychological and Psychiatric Effects of Ionizing Radiation Exposure
Current Medicinal Chemistry Astatine Radiopharmaceuticals: Prospects and Problems
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Pathways of Acetylcholine Synthesis, Transport and Release as Targets for Treatment of Adult-Onset Cognitive Dysfunction
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cannabinoid 1 (CB1) Receptor - Pharmacology, Role in Pain and Recent Developments in Emerging CB1 Agonists
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Conference Report (The XVth International Symposium of Brain Edema and Cellular Injury)
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Management of Acute Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning: Has Anything Changed?
Drug Metabolism Letters Understanding the Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor During Neurodegeneration for New Therapeutics Opportunities
Current Neuropharmacology