Abstract
The fluorine atom provides an exciting tool for diverse spectroscopic and imaging applications using Magnetic Resonance. The organic chemistry of fluorine is widely established and it can provide a stable moiety for interrogating many aspects of physiology and pharmacology in vivo. Strong NMR signal, minimal background signal and exquisite sensitivity to changes in the microenvironment have been exploited to design and apply diverse reporter molecules. Classes of agents are presented to investigate gene activity, pH, metal ion concentrations (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+), oxygen tension, hypoxia, vascular flow and vascular volume. In addition to interrogating speciality reporter molecules, 19F NMR may be used to trace the fate of fluorinated drugs, such as chemotherapeutics (e.g., 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine), anesthetics (e.g., isoflurane, methoxyflurane) and neuroleptics. NMR can provide useful information through multiple parameters, including chemical shift, scalar coupling, chemical exchange and relaxation processes (R1 and R2). Indeed, the large chemical shift range (∼ 300 ppm) can allow multiple agents to be examined, simultaneously, using NMR spectroscopy or chemical shift selective imaging.
Keywords: oxygen, ph, gene reporter, metal ions, 5fu, fdg, anesthetics
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: 19F: A Versatile Reporter for Non-Invasive Physiology and Pharmacology Using Magnetic Resonance
Volume: 12 Issue: 7
Author(s): Jian-xin Yu, Vikram D. Kodibagkar, Weina Cui and Ralph P. Mason
Affiliation:
Keywords: oxygen, ph, gene reporter, metal ions, 5fu, fdg, anesthetics
Abstract: The fluorine atom provides an exciting tool for diverse spectroscopic and imaging applications using Magnetic Resonance. The organic chemistry of fluorine is widely established and it can provide a stable moiety for interrogating many aspects of physiology and pharmacology in vivo. Strong NMR signal, minimal background signal and exquisite sensitivity to changes in the microenvironment have been exploited to design and apply diverse reporter molecules. Classes of agents are presented to investigate gene activity, pH, metal ion concentrations (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+), oxygen tension, hypoxia, vascular flow and vascular volume. In addition to interrogating speciality reporter molecules, 19F NMR may be used to trace the fate of fluorinated drugs, such as chemotherapeutics (e.g., 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine), anesthetics (e.g., isoflurane, methoxyflurane) and neuroleptics. NMR can provide useful information through multiple parameters, including chemical shift, scalar coupling, chemical exchange and relaxation processes (R1 and R2). Indeed, the large chemical shift range (∼ 300 ppm) can allow multiple agents to be examined, simultaneously, using NMR spectroscopy or chemical shift selective imaging.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Yu Jian-xin, Kodibagkar D. Vikram, Cui Weina and Mason P. Ralph, 19F: A Versatile Reporter for Non-Invasive Physiology and Pharmacology Using Magnetic Resonance, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2005; 12 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867053507342
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867053507342 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Syndrome: Dietary Modulation
Current Vascular Pharmacology Role of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in Gastric Mucosal Defence and Healing
Current Pharmaceutical Design Investigation of Cytotoxic Effects of Oxymetazoline on Lungs in a Rat Model of Rhinitis Medicamentosa
Current Molecular Pharmacology Non-Invasive Diagnostic Tools for Investigating Endothelial Dysfunction
Current Pharmaceutical Design Gut-Brain Axis in Gastric Mucosal Damage and Protection
Current Neuropharmacology Recent Patents and Emerging Therapeutics in the Treatment of Allergic Conjunctivitis
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Recent Developments on Coronary Microvasculopathy after Heart Transplantation:A New Target in the Therapy of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Endothelial Function Assessment in Complicated Hypertension
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vascular Pathology from Smoking: Look at the Microcirculation!
Current Vascular Pharmacology Musculoskeletal US: Taking the Management of Psoriatic Arthritis to a New Horizon
Current Rheumatology Reviews The Role of Fatty Acids in the Regulation of Cerebral Vascular Function and Neuroprotection in Ischemia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Vasomotor Effects of Iodinated Contrast Media: Just Side Effects?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography: Current Status
Current Medical Imaging The Synthetic Cannabinoids Phenomenon
Current Pharmaceutical Design Uveitis in Horses, Rats and Man: What Do We Learn from Our Pets?
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Promotion of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Production by Sensory Neuron Stimulation; Molecular Mechanism(s) and Therapeutic Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Brain Excitatory/Inhibitory Circuits Cross-Talking with Chromogranin A During Hypertensive and Hibernating States
Current Medicinal Chemistry Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion MRI in Alzheimers Disease
Current Medical Imaging Effects of Obesity on Vascular Potassium Channels
Current Vascular Pharmacology Static Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation in Humans
Current Hypertension Reviews