Abstract
Two-thirds of stroke deaths worldwide occur in developing countries. The higher prevalence of undernutritional states and parasitic infestations in many of these countries could lead to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. Hyperhomocysteinemia, a proxy measure for the nutritional status of B vitamins, has been reported in many developing countries and is found to be associated with nutritionrelated low plasma folate and vitamin B12. Several epidemiological observations have linked hyperhomocysteinemia to increased risk for stroke. The exact molecular mechanism by which homocysteine promotes atherothrombosis is not clear, although several possible roles have been suggested. Homocysteine is believed to cause atherogenesis and thrombogenesis via endothelial damage, focal vascular smooth muscle proliferation probably causing irregular vascular contraction, and coagulation abnormalities. Supplementation with the nutrient cofactors required for optimal functioning of the homocysteine metabolic pathways significantly impacts plasma homocysteine levels, and offers a new integrated possibility for prevention of stroke in the underdeveloped and rapidly developing countries.
Keywords: Developing countries, stroke, homocysteine, nutritional deficiencies
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Homocysteine and Cerebral Stroke in Developing Countries
Volume: 14 Issue: 22
Author(s): Rita Christopher, D. Nagaraja and S. K. Shankar
Affiliation:
Keywords: Developing countries, stroke, homocysteine, nutritional deficiencies
Abstract: Two-thirds of stroke deaths worldwide occur in developing countries. The higher prevalence of undernutritional states and parasitic infestations in many of these countries could lead to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. Hyperhomocysteinemia, a proxy measure for the nutritional status of B vitamins, has been reported in many developing countries and is found to be associated with nutritionrelated low plasma folate and vitamin B12. Several epidemiological observations have linked hyperhomocysteinemia to increased risk for stroke. The exact molecular mechanism by which homocysteine promotes atherothrombosis is not clear, although several possible roles have been suggested. Homocysteine is believed to cause atherogenesis and thrombogenesis via endothelial damage, focal vascular smooth muscle proliferation probably causing irregular vascular contraction, and coagulation abnormalities. Supplementation with the nutrient cofactors required for optimal functioning of the homocysteine metabolic pathways significantly impacts plasma homocysteine levels, and offers a new integrated possibility for prevention of stroke in the underdeveloped and rapidly developing countries.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Christopher Rita, Nagaraja D. and Shankar K. S., Homocysteine and Cerebral Stroke in Developing Countries, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14 (22) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707781745613
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707781745613 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Effects of Dietary Intake and Supplementation of Fatty Acids on Cardiometabolic Disorders in Humans: a Lesson from a Large Number of Meta-Analyses
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Understanding Genetic Factors in Idiopathic Scoliosis, a Complex Disease of Childhood
Current Genomics Chemotherapy and Cardiotoxicity in Hematologic Malignancies
Current Cancer Drug Targets Understanding and Avoiding Antiretroviral Adverse Events
Current Pharmaceutical Design Life-Threatening Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease in Children
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Directing Cardiomyogenic Differentiation and Transdifferentiation By Ectopic Gene Expression – Direct Transition Or Reprogramming Detour?
Current Gene Therapy Skeletal Muscle Derived Stem Cells for Myocardial Repair
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Editorial (Thematic Issue: Angiogenesis in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases)
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Unravelling the Genetic Susceptibility to Develop Ligament and Tendon Injuries
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy The Role of Electrospinning in the Emerging Field of Nanomedicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design Multitarget Network Strategies to Influence Memory and Forgetting: The Ras/Mapk Pathway as a Novel Option
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Chagas Disease: Progress and New Perspectives
Current Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis of Biologically Active Catecholic Compounds via ortho-Selective Oxygenation of Phenolic Compounds Using Hypervalent Iodine(V) Reagents
Current Organic Synthesis Treatment of Carotid Stenosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Intron-specific Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity- Associated Gene in Obese and Overweight Individuals of the Indian Adult Population- A Pilot Study
Current Diabetes Reviews Nutraceuticals and Diet-based Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: From Whole Food to Components with Defined Roles and Mechanisms
Current Diabetes Reviews Influence of Statin Use on Endothelial Function: From Bench to Clinics
Current Pharmaceutical Design Age-Related Sleep Disruption and Reduction in the Circadian Rhythm of Urine Output: Contribution to Nocturia?
Current Aging Science Cardiac Repair: The Intricate Crosstalk between the Epicardium and the Myocardium
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy New Class of Pyrimidinesulfamoyl Containing Pyrazole and Pyrrole Derivatives and Their Antioxidant Activity
Letters in Organic Chemistry