Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction has been shown to be a prognostic factor for cardiovascular disease and improvement of endothelial dysfunction prevents cardiovascular event presentation. Endothelial dysfunction is associated to a reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, as a result of the impairment of NO synthesis/release by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) or by inactivation of NO. Endothelial dysfunction measurements are valuable surrogate markers to assess the effectiveness of interventions addressed to prevent o treat coronary heart disease (CHD). Dyslipemia and other cardiovascular risk factors promote endothelial dysfunction and life style changes and pharmacological treatment, particularly HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), have shown early improve of endothelial-dependent vasomotion. Statins efficiently reduce plasma LDL cholesterol, an effect that may account for their beneficial effect on endothelial function, but they also reduce cellular levels of isoprenoid compounds relevant for the bioavailability of NO. Statins restore NO production by several mechanisms, including up-regulation of eNOS mRNA and protein levels and preservation of NO inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS). These effects are mediated, at least in a part, through mechanisms independent of their lipid lowering effect (pleiotropic effects). In this article we discuss the relevance of endothelium-dependent effects on the early and delayed clinical benefit of statins, as well as the multiple ways by which statins may restore endothelial function acting not only on the endothelium but also on endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), which likely could contribute to both ischemia-induced neovascularization and endothelial regeneration after injury.
Keywords: Endothelial function, statins, lipid-lowering, pleitropic effects, low-density lipoproteins, nitric oxide
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Influence of Statin Use on Endothelial Function: From Bench to Clinics
Volume: 13 Issue: 17
Author(s): Jose Martinez-Gonzalez and Lina Badimon
Affiliation:
Keywords: Endothelial function, statins, lipid-lowering, pleitropic effects, low-density lipoproteins, nitric oxide
Abstract: Endothelial dysfunction has been shown to be a prognostic factor for cardiovascular disease and improvement of endothelial dysfunction prevents cardiovascular event presentation. Endothelial dysfunction is associated to a reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, as a result of the impairment of NO synthesis/release by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) or by inactivation of NO. Endothelial dysfunction measurements are valuable surrogate markers to assess the effectiveness of interventions addressed to prevent o treat coronary heart disease (CHD). Dyslipemia and other cardiovascular risk factors promote endothelial dysfunction and life style changes and pharmacological treatment, particularly HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), have shown early improve of endothelial-dependent vasomotion. Statins efficiently reduce plasma LDL cholesterol, an effect that may account for their beneficial effect on endothelial function, but they also reduce cellular levels of isoprenoid compounds relevant for the bioavailability of NO. Statins restore NO production by several mechanisms, including up-regulation of eNOS mRNA and protein levels and preservation of NO inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS). These effects are mediated, at least in a part, through mechanisms independent of their lipid lowering effect (pleiotropic effects). In this article we discuss the relevance of endothelium-dependent effects on the early and delayed clinical benefit of statins, as well as the multiple ways by which statins may restore endothelial function acting not only on the endothelium but also on endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), which likely could contribute to both ischemia-induced neovascularization and endothelial regeneration after injury.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Martinez-Gonzalez Jose and Badimon Lina, Influence of Statin Use on Endothelial Function: From Bench to Clinics, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2007; 13 (17) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207780831220
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207780831220 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk
Current Diabetes Reviews Gender And Susceptibility To Sepsis Following Trauma
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Use of Corticosteroids in Critically Ill Septic Patients: A Review of Mechanisms of Adrenal Insufficiency in Sepsis and Treatment
Current Drug Targets Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease: Exploring Pathophysiology and Existing Data
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Artery Stenting Lead to Improved Cognitive Performance in Patients with Severe Carotid Artery Stenosis
Current Neurovascular Research Noncoding Variants Functional Prioritization Methods Based on Predicted Regulatory Factor Binding Sites
Current Genomics Strategies of Engineering Nanoparticles for Treating Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Drug Metabolism Exploring Pharmacological Significance of Chalcone Scaffold: A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Immunomodulatory Actions of Vitamin D Metabolites and their Potential Relevance to Human Lung Disease
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N-(Alkyl)-2-Thiophen-2-Ylacetamides Series As A New Class of Antitubercular Agents
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Classic β-Amyloid Deposits Cluster Around Large Diameter Blood Vessels Rather than Capillaries in Sporadic Alzheimers Disease
Current Neurovascular Research The Role of Trophoblast Nutrient and Ion Transporters in the Development of Pregnancy Complications and Adult Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Circadian Variation of Cardiovascular Events and Morning Blood Pressure Surge
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Ezetimibe Analogs as Possible Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Unfolded Protein Response as a Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Gum-Chewing and Headache: An Underestimated Trigger of Headache Pain in Migraineurs?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Longevity Depends on a Balance Between Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Factors: Use of Tcms and Natural Products
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Cardioprotective Effects of the I<sub>f</sub> Current Inhibition by Ivabradine During Cardiac Dysfunction
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology CREG: A Possible Candidate for Both Prevention and Treatment of Proliferative Vascular Disease
Current Molecular Medicine Physical Activity, Insulin Action, and Diabetes Prevention and Control
Current Diabetes Reviews