Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles and gases, caused primarily by cigarette smoking. Although COPD affects the lung, it also produces significant systemic consequences. Inflammation, proteases-antiproteases imbalance, oxidative stress, tissue damage and tissue repair, apoptosis and several genes seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The cellular and molecular events underlying COPD pathogenesis are driven by multifunctional molecules including enzymes, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, lipid mediators and their respective receptors. A large number of biomarkers evaluated in COPD, showed a high degree of redundancy. Nevertheless, current understanding of the pathobiology of COPD suggests a number of biomarkers as potential candidates. The development of relevant markers of lung damage, pulmonary inflammation, and systemic disease will be essential to our further understanding of the natural history of COPD and the discovery of new, effective treatments for its progression This review summarizes recent findings, on potential pulmonary biomarkers in the induced sputum, the exhaled air condensate, the peripheral blood, the urine, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and in selective cases, in bronchial biopsies.
Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, induced sputum, exhaled air condensate, peripheral blood, bronchial biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Biomarkers in COPD
Volume: 14 Issue: 9
Author(s): Eleni G. Tzortzaki, Irini Lambiri, Eleni Vlachaki and Nikolaos M. Siafakas
Affiliation:
Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, induced sputum, exhaled air condensate, peripheral blood, bronchial biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage
Abstract: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles and gases, caused primarily by cigarette smoking. Although COPD affects the lung, it also produces significant systemic consequences. Inflammation, proteases-antiproteases imbalance, oxidative stress, tissue damage and tissue repair, apoptosis and several genes seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The cellular and molecular events underlying COPD pathogenesis are driven by multifunctional molecules including enzymes, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, lipid mediators and their respective receptors. A large number of biomarkers evaluated in COPD, showed a high degree of redundancy. Nevertheless, current understanding of the pathobiology of COPD suggests a number of biomarkers as potential candidates. The development of relevant markers of lung damage, pulmonary inflammation, and systemic disease will be essential to our further understanding of the natural history of COPD and the discovery of new, effective treatments for its progression This review summarizes recent findings, on potential pulmonary biomarkers in the induced sputum, the exhaled air condensate, the peripheral blood, the urine, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and in selective cases, in bronchial biopsies.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Tzortzaki G. Eleni, Lambiri Irini, Vlachaki Eleni and Siafakas M. Nikolaos, Biomarkers in COPD, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707780362943
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707780362943 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Development and Clinical use of Prasugrel and Ticagrelor
Current Pharmaceutical Design T Cell Targeted Allergen Derivatives for Improved Efficacy and Safety of Specific Immunotherapy for Allergic Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents DNA Mismatch Repair Deficiency, Resistance to Cancer Chemotherapy and the Development of Hypersensitive Agents
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry An Overview of Compounds Derived from the Shikimate and Phenylpropanoid Pathways and Their Medicinal Importance
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacology of Appetite Suppression: Implication for the Treatment of Obesity
Current Drug Targets Effect of Nigella Sativa and Allium Sativum Coadminstered with Simvastatin in Dyslipidemia Patients: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Reactions of Carbenoids and Ketenes from α-Diazocarbonyls and Their Applications in Natural Products Synthesis
Current Organic Chemistry Heme Oxygenase-Derived Carbon Monoxide Restores Vascular Function in Type 1 Diabetes
Drug Metabolism Letters Bacterial Cell Wall Compounds as Promising Targets of Antimicrobial Agents I. Antimicrobial Peptides and Lipopolyamines
Current Drug Targets Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Risk: Effect of Vitamin Supplementation in Risk Reduction
Current Clinical Pharmacology Role of Probiotics and Functional Foods in Health: Gut Immune Stimulation by Two Probiotic Strains and a Potential Probiotic Yoghurt
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets State of Art and Recent Developments of Anti-Cancer Strategies Based on TRAIL
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery p35 Deficiency Accelerates HMGB-1-mediated Neuronal Death in the Early Stages of an Alzheimer's disease Mouse Model
Current Alzheimer Research HSP60 as a Drug Target
Current Pharmaceutical Design Diabetic Bone Fracture Repair: A Progenitor Cell-Based Paradigm
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy A Brief Review of Blue- and Bilberries’ Potential to Curb Cardio-Metabolic Perturbations: Focus on Diabetes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Evolving Strategies for the Treatment of T-Cell Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Recent Patents
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery When Neighbors Talk: Colon Cancer Cell Invasion and Tumor Microenvironment Myofibroblasts
Current Drug Targets Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A leap toward personalized therapies.
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design