Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality in Western societies, affecting about one third of the population before their seventieth year. Over the past decades modifiable risk factors of CHD have been identified, including smoking and diet. These factors when altered can have a significant impact on an individuals risk of developing CHD, their overall health and quality of life. There is strong evidence suggesting that dietary intake of plant foods rich in fibre and polyphenolic compounds, effectively lowers the risk of developing CHD. However, the efficacy of these foods often appears to be greater than the sum of their recognised biologically active parts. Here we discuss the hypothesis that beneficial metabolic and vascular effects of dietary fibre and plant polyphenols are due to an up regulation of the colon-systemic metabolic axis by these compounds. Fibres and many polyphenols are converted into biologically active compounds by the colonic microbiota. This microbiota imparts great metabolic versatility and dynamism, with many of their reductive or hydrolytic activities appearing complementary to oxidative or conjugative human metabolism. Understanding these microbial activities is central to determining the role of different dietary components in preventing or beneficially impacting on the impaired lipid metabolism and vascular dysfunction that typifies CHD and type II diabetes. This approach lays the foundation for rational selection of health promoting foods, rational target driven design of functional foods, and provides an essential thus-far, overlooked, dynamic to our understanding of how foods recognised as “healthy” impact on the human metabonome.
Keywords: Microbiota, lipid, metabolism, coronary-heart-disease, metabonomics, fibre, prebiotic, polyphenols
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: The Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism: Implications for Human Health and Coronary Heart Disease
Volume: 13 Issue: 25
Keywords: Microbiota, lipid, metabolism, coronary-heart-disease, metabonomics, fibre, prebiotic, polyphenols
Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality in Western societies, affecting about one third of the population before their seventieth year. Over the past decades modifiable risk factors of CHD have been identified, including smoking and diet. These factors when altered can have a significant impact on an individuals risk of developing CHD, their overall health and quality of life. There is strong evidence suggesting that dietary intake of plant foods rich in fibre and polyphenolic compounds, effectively lowers the risk of developing CHD. However, the efficacy of these foods often appears to be greater than the sum of their recognised biologically active parts. Here we discuss the hypothesis that beneficial metabolic and vascular effects of dietary fibre and plant polyphenols are due to an up regulation of the colon-systemic metabolic axis by these compounds. Fibres and many polyphenols are converted into biologically active compounds by the colonic microbiota. This microbiota imparts great metabolic versatility and dynamism, with many of their reductive or hydrolytic activities appearing complementary to oxidative or conjugative human metabolism. Understanding these microbial activities is central to determining the role of different dietary components in preventing or beneficially impacting on the impaired lipid metabolism and vascular dysfunction that typifies CHD and type II diabetes. This approach lays the foundation for rational selection of health promoting foods, rational target driven design of functional foods, and provides an essential thus-far, overlooked, dynamic to our understanding of how foods recognised as “healthy” impact on the human metabonome.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
The Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism: Implications for Human Health and Coronary Heart Disease, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 13 (25) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986706778521814
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986706778521814 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
PUFA for Human Health: Diet or Supplementation?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Translocator Protein in Renal Ischemia Reperfusion, Renal Preservation and Acute Kidney Injury
Current Molecular Medicine Synthesis and Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activity of Phenacyl Esters of N-Aroyl Amino Acids
Current Enzyme Inhibition Vitamin D Supplementation for Obesity: Potential Mechanisms of Action and an Update of Randomized Controlled Trials
Current Nutrition & Food Science Adeno-associated Viral Vectors for Correction of Inborn Errors of Metabolism: Progressing Towards Clinical Application
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiovascular Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Current Drug Targets Females Live Longer than Males: Role of Oxidative Stress
Current Pharmaceutical Design Application of Metabolomics in Drug Discovery, Development and Theranostics
Current Metabolomics Molecules from Nature: Modulating the Expression of Estrogen Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer Cells
Current Bioactive Compounds Early Vascular Aging: A New Target for Hypertension Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Use of Osmotic Dehydration to Improve Fruits and Vegetables Quality During Processing
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases: A Pharmacological Approach to the Treatment of Non-Cancer Disorders
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Postoperative Care of the Transplanted Patient
Current Cardiology Reviews Potential Therapeutic Applications of Metal Compounds Directed Towards Hypoxic Tissues
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Predictive Value of Lipid Markers in Vascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Protective Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Immune-mediated Inflammatory Responses
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Metabolic Effects of Bile Acids in the Gut in Health and Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry Essential Fatty Acids - A Review
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Anticoagulant Therapy During Pregnancy for Maternal and Fetal Acquired and Inherited Thrombophilia
Current Medicinal Chemistry Recent Developments in Nanoparticle Based Targeted Delivery of Chemotherapeutics
Current Bioactive Compounds