Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been recognised for nearly 50 years. It is associated with antipsychotic drugs and is usually persistent with no satisfactory treatment. It is believed to be under-documented in medical records. Many rating scales have been devised to measure TD. Studies have demonstrated variability between the rating scales on the measures of reliability and validity, the clinical setting used, the raters involved in the ratings and the provision of definitions and instructions. Scales that include too many items to be comprehensive become cumbersome and difficult to use. A compromise is to reduce the number of items and have add-in items for individual patients. A good example of this approach is the Abbreviated Dyskinesia Scale (ADS). Rating scales continue to be the best available methods to evaluate dyskinesia but in view of the shortcomings of validity, reliability and utility for clinical use, more efforts need to be done to improve current rating scales and to develop new ones.
Keywords: Tardive dyskinesia, rating scales, anti-psychotics, movement disorder, schizophrenia
Current Drug Targets
Title: A Critical Review of Rating Scales in the Assessment of Movement Disorders in Schizophrenia
Volume: 7 Issue: 9
Author(s): U. Taksh
Affiliation:
Keywords: Tardive dyskinesia, rating scales, anti-psychotics, movement disorder, schizophrenia
Abstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been recognised for nearly 50 years. It is associated with antipsychotic drugs and is usually persistent with no satisfactory treatment. It is believed to be under-documented in medical records. Many rating scales have been devised to measure TD. Studies have demonstrated variability between the rating scales on the measures of reliability and validity, the clinical setting used, the raters involved in the ratings and the provision of definitions and instructions. Scales that include too many items to be comprehensive become cumbersome and difficult to use. A compromise is to reduce the number of items and have add-in items for individual patients. A good example of this approach is the Abbreviated Dyskinesia Scale (ADS). Rating scales continue to be the best available methods to evaluate dyskinesia but in view of the shortcomings of validity, reliability and utility for clinical use, more efforts need to be done to improve current rating scales and to develop new ones.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Taksh U., A Critical Review of Rating Scales in the Assessment of Movement Disorders in Schizophrenia, Current Drug Targets 2006; 7 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006778226589
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006778226589 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New drug therapy for eye diseases
Eyesight is one of the most critical senses, accounting for over 80% of our perceptions. Our quality of life might be significantly affected by eye disease, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, etc. Although the development of microinvasive ocular surgery reduces surgical complications and improves overall outcomes, medication therapy is ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Contemporary Treatment of Amyloid Heart Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Weight Loss in Older Persons: New Therapeutic Approaches
Current Pharmaceutical Design Estrogen Receptors: Mechanism of Action and Relevance to Schizophrenia
Current Psychiatry Reviews Recent Patents on Cell-based Approaches for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Novel Therapies for Schizophrenia: Understanding the Glutamatergic Synapse and Potential Targets for Altering N-methyl-D-aspartate Neurotransmission
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Functional and Molecular Ultrasound Imaging: Concepts and Contrast Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Challenges of Blood Pressure Control in Dialysis Patients
Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Depression in Adolescence: From Qualitative Research to Measurement
Adolescent Psychiatry Brain: The Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target for Glaucoma
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Targeting Nutrient Uptake Mechanisms in Plasmodium
Current Drug Targets Transient Blood Brain Barrier Disruption Induced by Oleic Acid is Mediated by Nitric Oxide
Current Neurovascular Research The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factors in Tumor Growth
Current Cancer Drug Targets PI-3 Kinase-PTEN Signaling Node: An Intercept Point for the Control of Angiogenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Fragile X Syndrome: Psychiatric Manifestations, Assessment and Emerging Therapies
Current Psychiatry Reviews Delivery and Application of Dietary Polyphenols to Target Organs, Tissues and Intracellular Organelles
Current Drug Metabolism In Silico Studies in Drug Research Against Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Neuropharmacology Solution NMR Study of the Transmembrane Domain of Single-Span Membrane Proteins: Opportunities and Strategies
Current Protein & Peptide Science Gastrointestinal Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinical Application of Ghrelin
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nephrotoxicity Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients
Current Drug Safety