Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is highly prevalent chronic disease. Recently, many biological targets are discovered for treatment of this disease. The identification of the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR) and their subtypes α, γ and δ or β as targets for controlling lipid, glucose and energy homeostasis has proved to be exciting. As hyperlipidaemia, obesity and insulin resistance are independent risk factors for coronary heart disease and macrovascular complications of diabetes; new agents that increase insulin sensitivity as well as decrease hyperlipidaemia by distinct yet complementary mechanism are being studied as they may provide improved therapy for T2DM and related disorders. In this article, we review highly potent PPAR agonists, PPARα / γ dual agonists, PPARγ pan agonists, alternative PPAR ligands like partial agonists or selective PPAR modulators (SPPARMs) and antagonists from a chemist point of view.
Keywords: T2DM, PPAR, TZDs, dual agonist, pan agonist, partial agonist
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Fine Tuning of PPAR Ligands for Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
Volume: 6 Issue: 5
Author(s): Uma Ramachandran, Rakesh Kumar and Amit Mittal
Affiliation:
Keywords: T2DM, PPAR, TZDs, dual agonist, pan agonist, partial agonist
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is highly prevalent chronic disease. Recently, many biological targets are discovered for treatment of this disease. The identification of the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR) and their subtypes α, γ and δ or β as targets for controlling lipid, glucose and energy homeostasis has proved to be exciting. As hyperlipidaemia, obesity and insulin resistance are independent risk factors for coronary heart disease and macrovascular complications of diabetes; new agents that increase insulin sensitivity as well as decrease hyperlipidaemia by distinct yet complementary mechanism are being studied as they may provide improved therapy for T2DM and related disorders. In this article, we review highly potent PPAR agonists, PPARα / γ dual agonists, PPARγ pan agonists, alternative PPAR ligands like partial agonists or selective PPAR modulators (SPPARMs) and antagonists from a chemist point of view.
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Cite this article as:
Ramachandran Uma, Kumar Rakesh and Mittal Amit, Fine Tuning of PPAR Ligands for Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 6 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955706776876140
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955706776876140 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
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