Abstract
Levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and its major protein component, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, are strongly inversely correlated to risk of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases. A number of properties of apo A-I may contribute to this protection, including removal of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver (reverse cholesterol transport), anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities, and modulation of vascular function. Apo A-I has lipidassociating domains that form class A amphipathic helices. Peptide analogs that have no sequence homology to the domains in apo A-I but possess the class A motif have been shown to not only associate with phospholipid but also mimic several of the functional properties of apo A-I. Peptide 4F, with four phenylalanines on the non-polar face, was found to be maximally effective in mimicking the positive qualities of apo A-I; this peptide inhibited atherosclerosis, reduced inflammation and oxidation, and improved vascular function in a number of animal models, and when synthesized with Damino acids is orally bioavailable. Several other classes of peptide mimetics are now being studied, and may contribute to our understanding of the functions of apo E and apo J. The use of peptide mimetics to study apolipoprotein function has proved to be a powerful tool, and may lead to novel therapeutic agents in the prevention of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases.
Keywords: LDL metabolism, Apo A-I, Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), Apo J Peptides
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title: Atherosclerosis and Vascular Disease: Effects of Peptide Mimetics of Apolipoproteins
Volume: 7 Issue: 4
Author(s): David W. Garber, Shaila P. Handattu, Geeta Datta, Vinod K. Mishra, Himanshu Gupta, C. Roger White and G. M. Anantharamaiah
Affiliation:
Keywords: LDL metabolism, Apo A-I, Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), Apo J Peptides
Abstract: Levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and its major protein component, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, are strongly inversely correlated to risk of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases. A number of properties of apo A-I may contribute to this protection, including removal of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver (reverse cholesterol transport), anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities, and modulation of vascular function. Apo A-I has lipidassociating domains that form class A amphipathic helices. Peptide analogs that have no sequence homology to the domains in apo A-I but possess the class A motif have been shown to not only associate with phospholipid but also mimic several of the functional properties of apo A-I. Peptide 4F, with four phenylalanines on the non-polar face, was found to be maximally effective in mimicking the positive qualities of apo A-I; this peptide inhibited atherosclerosis, reduced inflammation and oxidation, and improved vascular function in a number of animal models, and when synthesized with Damino acids is orally bioavailable. Several other classes of peptide mimetics are now being studied, and may contribute to our understanding of the functions of apo E and apo J. The use of peptide mimetics to study apolipoprotein function has proved to be a powerful tool, and may lead to novel therapeutic agents in the prevention of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Garber W. David, Handattu P. Shaila, Datta Geeta, Mishra K. Vinod, Gupta Himanshu, Roger White C. and Anantharamaiah M. G., Atherosclerosis and Vascular Disease: Effects of Peptide Mimetics of Apolipoproteins, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2006; 7 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920106777950834
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920106777950834 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that analyzes and explores biological data. This field combines biology and information system. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted great attention as it tries to replicate human intelligence. It has become common technology for analyzing and solving complex data and problems and encompasses sub-fields of machine ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
The Urokinase Receptor Interactome
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endothelial Cell Regulation of Cardiac Metabolism Following Diabetes
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Antimicrobial Action of Chelating Agents: Repercussions on the Microorganism Development, Virulence and Pathogenesis
Current Medicinal Chemistry Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep in Critical Illness: Potential Implications for Angiogenesis After Myocardial Infarction. A Review
Current Pharmaceutical Design Evaluation of the Biological Fate and the Transport Through Biological Barriers of Nanosilver in Mice
Current Pharmaceutical Design Trophoblast Invasion: A Possible Link Between Implantation Deficiencies and Preeclampsia
Current Women`s Health Reviews MicroRNA-30 and 145 as Targets for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Therapeutic Feasibility and Challenges
Current Pharmaceutical Design Incretin Pharmacology: A Review of the Incretin Effect and Current Incretin-Based Therapies
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Actions of Adjunctive Nutritional Antioxidants in Periodontitis and Prevalent Systemic Inflammatory Diseases
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets (Pro)renin Receptor: Pathological Role and Therapeutic Potential in Primary Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Rheumatoid Arthritis: Cardiovascular Manifestations, Pathogenesis, and Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial [ Cardiovascular Risk Factor Modification: A sine qua non in the Management of Vascular Surgery Patients ]
Current Vascular Pharmacology The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Micro- and Macrovascular Complications: Avenues for a Mechanistic-Based Therapeutic Approach
Current Diabetes Reviews Modafinil: A Useful Medication for Cocaine Addiction? Review of the Evidence from Neuropharmacological, Experimental and Clinical Studies
Current Drug Abuse Reviews Innovative Stride to Zero Hunger Beyond 2015 in Nigeria
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Review of Newer Anticoagulants and Anti-platelet Agents in Acute Coronary Syndrome and Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Purine Ionotropic (P2X) Receptors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current Clinical Applications of In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Spectroscopic Imaging
Current Medical Imaging ABC Transporters and Sterol Absorption
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Therapeutic Angiogenesis by Gene Therapy for Critical Limb Ischemia: Choice of Biological Agent
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued)