Abstract
This review addresses the current concepts in our understanding of the epidemiology, mechanisms, symptoms, clinical consequences, diagnosis and treatment of delayed gastric emptying in patients with diabetes. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly postprandial fullness, nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating, occur in 30-50% of patients with diabetes. The use of scintigraphic techniques, and more recently breath test, has shown that as many as 50% of diabetic patients have gastroparesis. Diabetic gastroparesis comprises a decrease in fundic and antral motor activity, a reduction or a lack of the interdigestive migrating motor complex, gastric dysrhythmias, and pylorospasms. The mechanisms involved include: autonomic neuropathy, acute hyperglycaemia, and abnormalities in gastrointestinal hormones and neuropeptides. Other possible contributing factors such as hypothyroidism and H. pylori infection are discussed as well. Because treatment is possible by means of dietary advise, prokinetics or surgical procedures, it is important to identify risk factors for and to diagnose gastroparesis to prevent morbidity by controlling gastrointestinal symptoms, and to enhance glucoregulation. Understanding the current advances is key to the development of novel therapeutic strategies and for making rational choices in the management of diabetic gastroparesis.
Keywords: Gastric emptying, Diabetes mellitus, Autonomic neuropathy, Prokinetics
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title: Current Concepts in Gastric Motility in Diabetes Mellitus
Volume: 2 Issue: 1
Author(s): Christophe E.M. De Block, Ivo H. De Leeuw, Paul A. Pelckmans and Luc F. Van Gaal
Affiliation:
Keywords: Gastric emptying, Diabetes mellitus, Autonomic neuropathy, Prokinetics
Abstract: This review addresses the current concepts in our understanding of the epidemiology, mechanisms, symptoms, clinical consequences, diagnosis and treatment of delayed gastric emptying in patients with diabetes. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly postprandial fullness, nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating, occur in 30-50% of patients with diabetes. The use of scintigraphic techniques, and more recently breath test, has shown that as many as 50% of diabetic patients have gastroparesis. Diabetic gastroparesis comprises a decrease in fundic and antral motor activity, a reduction or a lack of the interdigestive migrating motor complex, gastric dysrhythmias, and pylorospasms. The mechanisms involved include: autonomic neuropathy, acute hyperglycaemia, and abnormalities in gastrointestinal hormones and neuropeptides. Other possible contributing factors such as hypothyroidism and H. pylori infection are discussed as well. Because treatment is possible by means of dietary advise, prokinetics or surgical procedures, it is important to identify risk factors for and to diagnose gastroparesis to prevent morbidity by controlling gastrointestinal symptoms, and to enhance glucoregulation. Understanding the current advances is key to the development of novel therapeutic strategies and for making rational choices in the management of diabetic gastroparesis.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
De Block E.M. Christophe, De Leeuw H. Ivo, Pelckmans A. Paul and Van Gaal F. Luc, Current Concepts in Gastric Motility in Diabetes Mellitus, Current Diabetes Reviews 2006; 2 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339906775473662
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339906775473662 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Pathophysiology of Platelet Resistance to Anti-Aggregating Agents in Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes: Implications for Anti-Aggregating Therapy
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Current Management of Peripheral Vascular Disease: Where is the Evidence?
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry A Key Role for Connexin Hemichannels in Spreading Ischemic Brain Injury
Current Drug Targets GLP-1 as a Therapeutic Agent in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Ezetimibe and Vascular Inflammation
Current Vascular Pharmacology HIV-1 Infection: Recent Developments in Treatment and Current Management Strategies
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Pedometer-Based Walking Interventions for Free-Living Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Current Diabetes Reviews Obesity-Induced Cerebral Hypoperfusion Derived from Endothelial Dysfunction: One of the Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Polymorphism in Endothelin-1 Gene: An Overview
Current Clinical Pharmacology Fetal Undernutrition and the Programming of Blood Pressure
Current Nutrition & Food Science Adherence to Treatment, Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Function in Irbesartan- Treated Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients
Current Vascular Pharmacology Editorial (Hot Topic: Novel Biomarkers in the Prognosis, Progression and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of microRNAs )
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutic Potential of Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) Inhibitors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Fighting Diabetes: Lessons from Xenotransplantation and Nanomedicine
Current Pharmaceutical Design Safety of Drug Eluting Stents: Current Concerns and Controversies
Current Drug Safety Toll-Like Receptors and Human Disease: Lessons from Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Current Genomics SHP-2 Regulates Growth Factor Dependent Vascular Signalling and Function
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Nutritional Metabolomics: Lessons from Companion Animals
Current Metabolomics Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: Critical Mechanisms for Cognitive Loss
Current Neurovascular Research