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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Review Article

Glutamate Dehydrogenase as a Promising Target for Hyperinsulinism Hyperammonemia Syndrome Therapy

Author(s): Yunfei Bian, Wei Hou, Xinrou Chen, Jinzhang Fang, Ning Xu* and Benfang Helen Ruan

Volume 29, Issue 15, 2022

Published on: 05 January, 2022

Page: [2652 - 2672] Pages: 21

DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210825105342

Price: $65

Abstract

Hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome (HHS) is a rare disease characterized by recurrent hypoglycemia and persistent elevation of plasma ammonia, and it can lead to severe epilepsy and permanent brain damage. It has been demonstrated that functional mutations of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), an enzyme in the mitochondrial matrix, are responsible for the HHS. Thus, GDH has become a promising target for the small molecule therapeutic intervention of HHS. Several medicinal chemistry studies are currently aimed at GDH, however, to date, none of the compounds reported has been entered clinical trials. This perspective summarizes the progress in the discovery and development of GDH inhibitors, including the pathogenesis of HHS, potential binding sites, screening methods, and research models. Future therapeutic perspectives are offered to provide a reference for discovering potent GDH modulators and encourage additional research that will provide more comprehensive guidance for drug development.

Keywords: Hyperinsulinism hyperammonemia syndrome (HHS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), screening method, enzyme inhibitors, drug discovery, in vitro/in vivo models.

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