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Current Molecular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1874-4672
ISSN (Online): 1874-4702

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Review Article

Pharmacological Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Kidney Injury Induced by Radiotherapy: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives

Author(s): Adeleh Sahebnasagh, Fatemeh Saghafi, Saeed Azimi, Ebrahim Salehifar and Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr*

Volume 15, Issue 4, 2022

Published on: 24 August, 2021

Article ID: e240821195803 Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210824123212

Price: $65

Abstract

More than half of cancer patients need radiotherapy during the course of their treatment. Despite the beneficial aspects, the destructive effects of radiation beams on normal tissues lead to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell injury. Kidneys are affected during radiotherapy of abdominal malignancies. Radiation nephropathy eventually leads to the release of factors triggering systemic inflammation. Currently, there is no proven prophylactic or therapeutic intervention for the management of radiation-induced nephropathy. This article reviews the biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of radiation-induced nephropathy and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The efficacy of compounds with potential radioprotective properties on amelioration of inflammation and oxidative stress is also discussed. By outlining the approaches for preventing and treating this critical side effect, we evaluate the potential treatment of radiation-induced nephropathy. Available preclinical and clinical studies on these compounds are also scrutinized.

Keywords: Radiation-induced kidney injury, radiation nephropathy, oxidative stress, antioxidant, prevention, pharmacological interventions.

Graphical Abstract

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