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ISSN (Online): 1996-3181

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Review Article

The Mechanism of Action of Salsolinol in Brain: Implications in Parkinson’s Disease

Author(s): Shee Man Voon, Khuen Yen Ng, Soi Moi Chye, Anna Pick Kiong Ling, Kenny Gah Leong Voon, Yiing Jye Yap and Rhun Yian Koh*

Volume 19, Issue 10, 2020

Page: [725 - 740] Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200902134129

Price: $65

Abstract

1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, commonly known as salsolinol, is a compound derived from dopamine. It was first discovered in 1973 and has gained attention for its role in Parkinson’s disease. Salsolinol and its derivatives were claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease as a neurotoxin that induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons due to its structural similarity to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its ability to induce Parkinsonism. In this article, we discussed the biosynthesis, distribution and blood-brain barrier permeability of salsolinol. The roles of salsolinol in a healthy brain, particularly the interactions with enzymes, hormone and catecholamine, were reviewed. Finally, we discussed the involvement of salsolinol and its derivatives in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.

Keywords: Salsolinol, neurotoxin, Parkinson's disease, neurodegenerative disease, apoptosis, oxidative stress.

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