Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-2010
ISSN (Online): 1873-4316

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

A UPLC-MS/MS Assay for Simultaneous Determination of Two Antipsychotics and Two Antidepressants in Human Plasma and Its Application in Clinic

Author(s): Houli Li*, Xiaoliang Cheng, Di Zhang, Maoyi Wang, Weihua Dong and Weiyi Feng*

Volume 21, Issue 1, 2020

Page: [60 - 69] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190830150549

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Antidepressants and antipsychotics are widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of mental diseases. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended for patients taking these drugs to ensure pharmaceutical efficacy, medication compliance and prevent toxicity.

Objective: An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/ MS) method was developed for simultaneous determination of two Antidepressants-Fluoxetine (FLU) and Escitalopram (ESC), and two antipsychotics-risperidone (RIS) and aripiprazole (ARI), in human plasma.

Methods: The sample was processed by simple protein precipitation and the targeted analytes were separated on a C18 column by gradient elution with a mobile phase containing 0.1% formic acid (v/v) and acetonitrile. All the analytes were qualitative and quantitative measured by electrospray ionization source with Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) in positive ion mode. A total of 56 plasma samples were obtained from out- or in-patients who were taking the cited four drugs for further analysis.

Results: The calibration curves for FLU, ESC, RIS and ARI were linear in the range of 45-1800, 4-320, 2-200 and 50-1800 ng/mL, respectively. The entire analytical time for the analytes was 7.0 min for each run and the extraction efficiency was more than 90%. The sample was stable within various storage conditions. The trough concentrations in patients were measured with the validated method.

Conclusion: The developed method was successfully used for simultaneous determination of FLU, ESC, RIS and ARI in the plasma of the patients, which provides effective technical support for routine TDM of these four drugs and is of great clinic value for individual therapy.

Keywords: Antipsychotics, antidepressants, UPLC-MS/MS, determination, human plasma, Antidepressants-Fluoxetine (FLU).

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Frankish, H.; Boyce, N.; Horton, R. Mental health for all: A global goal. Lancet, 2018, 392(10157), 1493-1494.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32271-2] [PMID: 30314858]
[2]
Liu, Z.; Huang, Y.; Lv, P.; Zhang, T.; Wang, H.; Li, Q.; Yan, J.; Yu, Y.; Kou, C.; Xu, X.; Lu, J.; Wang, Z.; Qiu, H.; Xu, Y.; He, Y.; Li, T.; Guo, W.; Tian, H.; Xu, G.; Xu, X.; Ma, Y.; Wang, L.; Wang, L.; Yan, Y.; Wang, B.; Xiao, S.; Zhou, L.; Li, L.; Tan, L.; Chen, H.; Ma, C. The China mental health survey: II. Design and field procedures. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol., 2016, 51(11), 1547-1557.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1269-5] [PMID: 27803977]
[3]
Murthy, R.S. National mental health survey of India 2015u2016. Indian J. Psychiatry, 2017, 59(1), 21-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_102_17] [PMID: 28529357]
[4]
Thornicroft, G.; Chatterji, S.; Evans-Lacko, S.; Gruber, M.; Sampson, N.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.; Al-Hamzawi, A.; Alonso, J.; Andrade, L.; Borges, G.; Bruffaerts, R.; Bunting, B.; de Almeida, J.M.C.; Florescu, S.; de Girolamo, G.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; He, Y.; Hinkov, H.; Karam, E.; Kawakami, N.; Lee, S.; Navarro-Mateu, F.; Piazza, M.; Posada-Villa, J.; de Galvis, Y.T.; Kessler, R.C. Under treatment of people with major depressive disorder in 21 countries. Br. J. Psychiatry, 2017, 210(2), 119-124.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.116.188078] [PMID: 27908899]
[5]
Patel, V.; Saxena, S.; Lund, C.; Thornicroft, G.; Baingana, F.; Bolton, P.; Chisholm, D.; Collins, P.Y.; Cooper, J.L.; Eaton, J.; Herrman, H.; Herzallah, M.M.; Huang, Y.; Jordans, M.J.D.; Kleinman, A.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Morgan, E.; Niaz, U.; Omigbodun, O.; Prince, M.; Rahman, A.; Saraceno, B.; Sarkar, B.K.; De Silva, M.; Singh, I.; Stein, D.J.; Sunkel, C. UnÜtzer, J. The Lancet Commission on global mental health and sustainable development. Lancet, 2018, 392(10157), 1553-1598.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31612-X] [PMID: 30314863]
[6]
Adli, M.; Baethge, C.; Heinz, A.; Langlitz, N.; Bauer, M. Is dose escalation of antidepressants a rational strategy after a medium-dose treatment has failed? A systematic review. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci., 2005, 255(6), 387-400.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-005-0579-5] [PMID: 15868067]
[7]
Trivedi, M.H.; Rush, A.J.; Gaynes, B.N.; Stewart, J.W.; Wisniewski, S.R.; Warden, D.; Ritz, L.; Luther, J.F.; Stegman, D.; Deveaugh-Geiss, J.; Howland, R. Maximizing the adequacy of medication treatment in controlled trials and clinical practice: STAR(*)D measurement-based care. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2007, 32(12), 2479-2489.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301390] [PMID: 17406651]
[8]
Addington, D. Best practices: Improving quality of care for patients with first-episode psychosis. Psychiatr. Serv., 2009, 60(9), 1164-1166.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.2009.60.9.1164] [PMID: 19723728]
[9]
Lieberman, J.A.; Stroup, T.S.; McEvoy, J.P.; Swartz, M.S.; Rosenheck, R.A.; Perkins, D.O.; Keefe, R.S.; Davis, S.M.; Davis, C.E.; Lebowitz, B.D.; Severe, J.; Hsiao, J.K. Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Investigators. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia. N. Engl. J. Med., 2010, 363(11), 1092-1093.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa051688] [PMID: 16172203]
[10]
Kang, J-S.; Lee, M-H. Overview of therapeutic drug monitoring. Korean J. Intern. Med. (Korean. Assoc. Intern. Med.), 2009, 24(1), 1-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2009.24.1.1] [PMID: 19270474]
[11]
Jang, S.H.; Yan, Z.; Lazor, J.A. Therapeutic drug monitoring: A patient management tool for precision medicine. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 2016, 99(2), 148-150.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpt.298] [PMID: 26565378]
[12]
Hiemke, C.; Bergemann, N.; Clement, H.W.; Conca, A.; Deckert, J.; Domschke, K.; Eckermann, G.; Egberts, K.; Gerlach, M.; Greiner, C.; Gründer, G.; Haen, E.; Havemann-Reinecke, U.; Hefner, G.; Helmer, R.; Janssen, G.; Jaquenoud, E.; Laux, G.; Messer, T.; Mössner, R.; Müller, M.J.; Paulzen, M.; Pfuhlmann, B.; Riederer, P.; Saria, A.; Schoppek, B.; Schoretsanitis, G.; Schwarz, M.; Gracia, M.S.; Stegmann, B.; Steimer, W.; Stingl, J.C.; Uhr, M.; Ulrich, S.; Unterecker, S.; Waschgler, R.; Zernig, G.; Zurek, G.; Baumann, P. Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Neuropsychopharmacology: Update 2017. Pharmacopsychiatry, 2018, 51(1-02), 9-62. https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0037-1600991
[PMID: 29390205]
[13]
Schoretsanitis, G.; Paulzen, M.; Unterecker, S.; Schwarz, M.; Conca, A.; Zernig, G.; Gründer, G.; Haen, E.; Baumann, P.; Bergemann, N.; Clement, H.W.; Domschke, K.; Eckermann, G.; Egberts, K.; Gerlach, M.; Greiner, C.; Havemann-Reinecke, U.; Hefner, G.; Helmer, R.; Janssen, G.; Jaquenoud-Sirot, E.; Laux, G.; Messer, T.; Mössner, R.; Müller, M.J.; Pfuhlmann, B.; Riederer, P.; Saria, A.; Schoppek, B.; Silva Gracia, M.; Stegmann, B.; Steimer, W.; Stingl, J.C.; Uhr, M.; Ulrich, S.; Waschgler, R.; Zurek, G.; Hiemke, C. TDM in psychiatry and neurology: A comprehensive summary of the consensus guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring in neuropsychopharmacology, update 2017; a tool for clinicians<sup/>. World J. Biol. Psychiatry, 2018, 19(3), 162-174.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2018.1439595] [PMID: 29493375]
[14]
Cipriani, A.; Furukawa, T.A.; Salanti, G.; Chaimani, A.; Atkinson, L.Z.; Ogawa, Y.; Leucht, S.; Ruhe, H.G.; Turner, E.H.; Higgins, J.P.T.; Egger, M.; Takeshima, N.; Hayasaka, Y.; Imai, H.; Shinohara, K.; Tajika, A.; Ioannidis, J.P.A.; Geddes, J.R. Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet, 2018, 391(10128), 1357-1366.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32802-7] [PMID: 29477251]
[15]
March, J.; Silva, S.; Petrycki, S.; Curry, J.; Wells, K.; Fairbank, J.; Burns, B.; Domino, M.; McNulty, S.; Vitiello, B.; Severe, J. Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) Team. Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2004, 292(7), 807-820.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.7.807] [PMID: 15315995]
[16]
Vaswani, M.; Linda, F.K.; Ramesh, S. Role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in psychiatric disorders: A comprehensive review. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 2003, 27(1), 85-102.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0278-5846(02)00338-X] [PMID: 12551730]
[17]
Dodsworth, T.; Kim, D.D.; Procyshyn, R.M.; Ross, C.J.; Honer, W.G.; Barr, A.M. A systematic review of the effects of CYP2D6 phenotypes on risperidone treatment in children and adolescents. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment. Health, 2018, 12, 37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13034-018-0243-2] [PMID: 30026806]
[18]
Calabrese, J.R.; Sanchez, R.; Jin, N.; Amatniek, J.; Cox, K.; Johnson, B.; Perry, P.P.; Hertel, P.; Such, P.; McQuade, R.D.; Nyilas, M.; Carson, W.H. The safety and tolerability of aripiprazole once-monthly as maintenance treatment for bipolar I disorder: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal study. J. Affect. Disord., 2018, 241, 425-432.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.043] [PMID: 30145513]
[19]
Kamińska, K.; Noworyta-Sokołowska, K.; Jurczak, A.; Górska, A.; Rogóż, Z.; Gołembiowska, K. Risperidone and escitalopram co-administration: A potential treatment of schizophrenia symptoms with less side effects. Pharmacol. Rep., 2017, 69(1), 13-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.010] [PMID: 27755991]
[20]
Kamińska, K.; Górska, A.; Noworyta-Sokołowska, K.; Wojtas, A.; Rogóż, Z.; Gołembiowska, K. The effect of chronic co-treatment with risperidone and novel antidepressant drugs on the dopamine and serotonin levels in the rats frontal cortex. Pharmacol. Rep., 2018, 70(5), 1023-1031.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharep.2018.04.009] [PMID: 30144663]
[21]
Rogóż, Z.; Wąsik, A.; Lorenc-Koci, E. Combined treatment with aripiprazole and antidepressants reversed some MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice. Pharmacol. Rep., 2018, 70(4), 623-630.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharep.2018.02.022] [PMID: 29885435]
[22]
Ebrahimzadeh, M.; El Mansari, M.; Blier, P. Synergistic effect of aripiprazole and escitalopram in increasing serotonin but not norepinephrine neurotransmission in the rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology, 2019, 146, 12-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.006] [PMID: 30414871]
[23]
Canbolat, F.; Erinc, D.M.T.; Evrensel, A.; Aydin, A.; Tarhan, K.N. Quantitation of escitalopram and its metabolites by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in psychiatric patients: New metabolic ratio establishmet. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2018.
[PMID: 30220109]
[24]
da Silva, A.C.C.; Raasch, J.R.; Vargas, T.G.; Peteffi, G.P.; Hahn, R.Z.; Antunes, M.V.; Perassolo, M.S.; Linden, R. Simultaneous determination of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in dried blood spots using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin. Biochem., 2018, 52, 85-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2017.10.002] [PMID: 28987790]
[25]
Miroshnichenko, I.I.; Baymeeva, N.V. Simultaneous determination of antipsychotic drugs and their active metabolites by LC-MS-MS and its application to therapeutic drug monitoring. J. Chromatogr. Sci., 2018, 56(6), 510-517.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmy024] [PMID: 29635397]
[26]
Ni, X-J.; Wang, Z-Z.; Shang, D-W.; Lu, H-Y.; Zhang, M.; Wen, Y-G. Simultaneous analysis of olanzapine, fluoxetine, and norfluoxetine in human plasma using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., 2018, 1092, 506-514.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.05.026] [PMID: 30008307]
[27]
Ezzeldin, E.; Abo-Talib, N.F.; Tammam, M.H. UPLC-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for simultaneous determination of fluoxetine, risperidone, and its active metabolite 9-hydroxyrisperidone in plasma: Application to pharmacokinetics study in rats. J. Anal. Methods Chem., 2017, 2017 5187084
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5187084] [PMID: 28656122]
[28]
Shaikh, A.S.; Guo, R. Therapeutic drug monitoring of phenytoin by simple, rapid, accurate, highly sensitive and novel method and its clinical applications. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol., 2017, 18(13), 1098-1105.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201019666180209164444] [PMID: 29437004]
[29]
Wang, C.; Li, S.; Tang, Y.; Wang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Fan, G.; Li, L.; Zhang, Y. Microdialysis combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of levo-tetrahydropalmatine in the rat striatum. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2012, 64-65, 1-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2012.01.016] [PMID: 22387102]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
27
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy