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Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5303
ISSN (Online): 2212-3873

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Clinical Trial

The Neuromodulatory Effects of ω-3 Fatty Acids and Nano-Curcumin on the COX-2/ iNOS Network in Migraines: A Clinical Trial Study from Gene Expression to Clinical Symptoms

Author(s): Mina Abdolahi, Arash Jafarieh, Payam Sarraf, Mohsen Sedighiyan, Abolghasem Yousefi, Abbas Tafakhori, Hamed Abdollahi, Farahnaz Salehinia and Mahmoud Djalali*

Volume 19, Issue 6, 2019

Page: [874 - 884] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190212170140

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Migraine is a common neuroinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of pain. Human and experimental models of migraine studies have demonstrated the role played by COX-2/ iNOS in migraine’s neuroinflammatory pathogenesis. COX-2 and iNOS are closely linked and both contribute to inflammation and neurogenic pain in the central nervous system. Omega- 3 fatty acids and curcumin, an active polyphenol of turmeric, have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects through several mechanisms, including the suppression of COX-2 and iNOS gene expression, as well as their serum levels. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the nutrigenomic effects of ω-3 fatty acids, nano-curcumin, and a combination of the two, on neuroinflammation and clinical symptoms in migraine patients.

Methods: This study reports the results of a clinical trial over a 2-month period, involving 74 episodic migraine patients who received ω-3 fatty acids, nano-curcumin, a combination of them, or a placebo. At the start and end of the study, the expression of COX-2/iNOS (in peripheral mononuclear blood cells isolated from patients) and COX-2/iNOS serum levels were measured, using real-time PCR and ELISA respectively. The frequency, severity and duration of pain attacks were also recorded.

Results: The results of the present trial showed that ω-3 fatty acids and nano-curcumin can reinforce each other’s effects in the downregulation of COX-2/iNOS mRNA, as well as reduce their serum levels. In addition, the combination of ω-3 and nano-curcumin significantly reduced the frequency, severity and duration of headaches (P<0.05).

Conclusion: These findings indicate that combination therapy of ω-3 fatty acids and nano-curcumin can be considered as a promising new approach in migraine prevention.

Keywords: Migraine, curcumin, ω-3 fatty acids, COX-2, iNOS, headache.

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