Abstract
Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetically determined lipid disorder, affecting 1 per 200-500 individuals in the general population. It is significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), although it remains still an underrecognized and undertreated disease. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-like molecule, containing an additional protein, apolipoprotein (a).
Objective: This review aims to present and discuss available data on the role of Lp(a) in patients with FH, in terms of its potential augmentation of CVD risk.
Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed to identify studies evaluating the CV effects of Lp(a) in patients with FH.
Results: Lp(a) has been recognised as an independent risk factor for CVD, mainly coronary artery disease (CAD). Most, but not all, studies show increased Lp(a) concentrations in adults and children with FH. There is also evidence of an independent association between Lp(a) and CVD (mainly CAD) risk in these patients.
Conclusion: Some therapeutic modalities, such as niacin, oestrogens, tibolone and proprotein convertase subtilisin/ kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors may effectively reduce Lp(a) concentrations by 25-30%, although their clinical benefit of this effect remains to be established.
Keywords: Familial hypercholesterolaemia, lipoprotein (a), cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, oestrogens, apolipoprotein (a).
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Should we Consider Lipoprotein (a) in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia?
Volume: 24 Issue: 31
Author(s): Panagiotis Anagnostis*, Pavlos Siolos, Dimitrios Krikidis, Dimitrios G. Goulis and John C. Stevenson
Affiliation:
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece
Keywords: Familial hypercholesterolaemia, lipoprotein (a), cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, oestrogens, apolipoprotein (a).
Abstract: Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetically determined lipid disorder, affecting 1 per 200-500 individuals in the general population. It is significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), although it remains still an underrecognized and undertreated disease. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-like molecule, containing an additional protein, apolipoprotein (a).
Objective: This review aims to present and discuss available data on the role of Lp(a) in patients with FH, in terms of its potential augmentation of CVD risk.
Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed to identify studies evaluating the CV effects of Lp(a) in patients with FH.
Results: Lp(a) has been recognised as an independent risk factor for CVD, mainly coronary artery disease (CAD). Most, but not all, studies show increased Lp(a) concentrations in adults and children with FH. There is also evidence of an independent association between Lp(a) and CVD (mainly CAD) risk in these patients.
Conclusion: Some therapeutic modalities, such as niacin, oestrogens, tibolone and proprotein convertase subtilisin/ kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors may effectively reduce Lp(a) concentrations by 25-30%, although their clinical benefit of this effect remains to be established.
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Cite this article as:
Anagnostis Panagiotis *, Siolos Pavlos, Krikidis Dimitrios , Goulis G. Dimitrios and Stevenson C. John , Should we Consider Lipoprotein (a) in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolaemia?, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2018; 24 (31) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666181010150958
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666181010150958 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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