Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health today, leading to higher medical costs and increased mortality. Because of the emergence and rapid spread of new resistance mechanisms globally, a growing number of infections are becoming harder to treat as the antibiotics used to treat them become less effective. Therefore, the development of new effective antimicrobial agents is still urgently needed. In last decades, a large number of structurally novel spirooxindoles have been synthesized mainly based on the ylide intermediates generated in situ and further assessed for their antimicrobial activity against different types of bacteria, leading to the discovery of some potent lead compounds with antimicrobial potentials.
Objective: The aim of this review to submarize recent advances on the synthesis, structure- activity relationship studies (SARs) and antimicrobial activity of spirooxindoles.
Methods: Peer-reviewed research work on spirooxindoles with antimicrobial activity were downloaded from bibliographic databases and analyzed based on their chemoptypes.
Results: 50 papers were retrieved from the literature databases, of which 20 papers described the synthesis and antimicrobial activity of spirooxindoles.
Conclusion: This review highlights the importance of spirooxindoles as potential antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of spirooxindoles against different types of bacteria is less studied, mainly centering on primary antimicrobial assessment, some of these compounds have showed interesting antimicrobial activity. However, the current study is only limited to primary antimicrobial assessment, no detailed modes of action are investigated.
Keywords: Spiro compounds, spirooxindoles, oxindoles, chemical synthesis, antimicrobial activity, antifungal activity.
Graphical Abstract
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:The Development of Biologically Important Spirooxindoles as New Antimicrobial Agents
Volume: 25 Issue: 19
Author(s): Yan-Tao Yang, Jun-Fang Zhu, Guochao Liao, Hai-Jiang Xu*Bin Yu*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000,China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001,China
Keywords: Spiro compounds, spirooxindoles, oxindoles, chemical synthesis, antimicrobial activity, antifungal activity.
Abstract: Background: Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health today, leading to higher medical costs and increased mortality. Because of the emergence and rapid spread of new resistance mechanisms globally, a growing number of infections are becoming harder to treat as the antibiotics used to treat them become less effective. Therefore, the development of new effective antimicrobial agents is still urgently needed. In last decades, a large number of structurally novel spirooxindoles have been synthesized mainly based on the ylide intermediates generated in situ and further assessed for their antimicrobial activity against different types of bacteria, leading to the discovery of some potent lead compounds with antimicrobial potentials.
Objective: The aim of this review to submarize recent advances on the synthesis, structure- activity relationship studies (SARs) and antimicrobial activity of spirooxindoles.
Methods: Peer-reviewed research work on spirooxindoles with antimicrobial activity were downloaded from bibliographic databases and analyzed based on their chemoptypes.
Results: 50 papers were retrieved from the literature databases, of which 20 papers described the synthesis and antimicrobial activity of spirooxindoles.
Conclusion: This review highlights the importance of spirooxindoles as potential antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of spirooxindoles against different types of bacteria is less studied, mainly centering on primary antimicrobial assessment, some of these compounds have showed interesting antimicrobial activity. However, the current study is only limited to primary antimicrobial assessment, no detailed modes of action are investigated.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Yang Yan-Tao, Zhu Jun-Fang , Liao Guochao, Xu Hai-Jiang*, Yu Bin *, The Development of Biologically Important Spirooxindoles as New Antimicrobial Agents, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2018; 25 (19) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666171129131311
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666171129131311 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
EDITORIAL: Validation Techniques for Therapeutic Molecules in Drug Discovery
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Ligand and Structure Based Models for the Identification of Beta 2 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Development of Nitroaromatics as Anti-Infective Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design Venom Peptide Modulators of the Immune System
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Imidazole and 1,2,4-Triazole-based Derivatives Gifted with Antitubercular Activity: Cytotoxicity and Computational Assessment
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Potent Inhibitory Effect of β-D-Mannuronic Acid (M2000) as a Novel NSAID with Immunosuppressive Property on Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies, Rheumatoid Factor and Anti-dsDNA Antibodies in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Arylthiourea Derivatives with Antitubercular Activity
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Editorial [Hot Topic: Fighting Malaria in the 21st Century (Executive Editor: Pedro L. Alonso) ]
Current Molecular Medicine Induction of Cytochromes P450
Current Drug Metabolism Functional Gene Discovery Using RNA Interference-Based Genomic Screens to Combat Pathogen Infection
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Drug Approval Process – In United States of America, European Union and India: A Review
Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs Indications of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Cardiac Diseases
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Bacterial Metalloenzymes: A New Strategy for the Development of Anti-Infective Agents
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis of 2-Hydroxynaphthyl Pyrazolines Containing Isoniazid Moiety: A Potential Antitubercular Agent
Letters in Organic Chemistry New Frontiers in the Therapy of Tuberculosis: Fighting with the Global Menace
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Large Disclosing the Nature of Computational Tools for the Analysis of Next Generation Sequencing Data
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Yin and Yang of Inflammation
Current Molecular Medicine DESIGN, <i>In silico</i> Modeling, Toxicity study and Synthesis of Novel Substituted Semicarbazide Derivatives of Pyrimidine: An Antitubercular Agent
Current Bioactive Compounds Pleuroscopy Early Experience in the Exudative Pleural Effusion of Unknown Etiology
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Design of Novel Phosphopantetheine Adenylyltransferase Inhibitors: A Potential New Approach to Tackle <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry