Endocytosis of Nanoscale Systems for Cancer Treatments

Kai       Chen; Xue       Li; Hongyan       Zhu; Qiyong       Gong; Kui       Luo

Abstract

Advances in nanoscale systems for cancer treatment have been involved in enabling highly regulated site-specific localization to sub cellular organelles hidden beneath cell membranes. So far, the cellular entry of these nanoscale systems has not been fully understood. Endocytosis is an energy-dependent process of active transport in which elected extracellular molecules (such as proteins, viruses, micro-organisms and nanoscale systems) are engulfed into the cell. This process appears at the plasma membrane surface and contains internalization of the cell membrane as well as the membrane proteins and lipids of cell. There are multiform pathways of endocytosis for nanoscale systems. Further comprehension of the mechanisms of endocytosis is achieved with a combination of efficient genetic manipulations, cell dynamic imaging and chemical endocytosis inhibitors. This review provides an account of various endocytic pathways, itemizes current methods to study endocytosis of nanoscale systems, discusses some factors associated with cellular uptake for nanoscale systems and introduces the trafficking behavior for nanoscale systems with active targeting. An insight into the endocytosis mechanism is urgent and significant for developing safe and efficient nanoscale systems for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Keywords: Nanoscale systems, endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, receptor-mediated, nanomedicine, cancer treatment.

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Current Medicinal Chemistry

Title:Endocytosis of Nanoscale Systems for Cancer Treatments

Volume: 25 Issue: 25

Author(s): Kai Chen, Xue Li, Hongyan Zhu*, Qiyong Gong and Kui Luo*

Affiliation:

Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041,China

Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041,China

Keywords: Nanoscale systems, endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, receptor-mediated, nanomedicine, cancer treatment.

Abstract: Advances in nanoscale systems for cancer treatment have been involved in enabling highly regulated site-specific localization to sub cellular organelles hidden beneath cell membranes. So far, the cellular entry of these nanoscale systems has not been fully understood. Endocytosis is an energy-dependent process of active transport in which elected extracellular molecules (such as proteins, viruses, micro-organisms and nanoscale systems) are engulfed into the cell. This process appears at the plasma membrane surface and contains internalization of the cell membrane as well as the membrane proteins and lipids of cell. There are multiform pathways of endocytosis for nanoscale systems. Further comprehension of the mechanisms of endocytosis is achieved with a combination of efficient genetic manipulations, cell dynamic imaging and chemical endocytosis inhibitors. This review provides an account of various endocytic pathways, itemizes current methods to study endocytosis of nanoscale systems, discusses some factors associated with cellular uptake for nanoscale systems and introduces the trafficking behavior for nanoscale systems with active targeting. An insight into the endocytosis mechanism is urgent and significant for developing safe and efficient nanoscale systems for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

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Cite this article as:

Chen Kai , Li Xue, Zhu Hongyan*, Gong Qiyong and Luo Kui*, Endocytosis of Nanoscale Systems for Cancer Treatments, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2018; 25 (25) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170428153056

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170428153056	Print ISSN 0929-8673
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-533X

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