Abstract
Background: Tobacco smoking has detrimental influence on human health.
Aim: The analysis of influence of tobacco smoking on retina diseases, uveitis, optic neuropathies, and thyroidassociated orbitopathy in adults and children. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature performed through MEDLINE and PubMed searches, covering the years 2000-2016. Results: In adults, tobacco smoking is a strong risk factor for age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, uveitis and inflamed cystoid macular edema as well as Grave`s ophthalmopathy. Tobacco smoking reduces thickness of the retina and choroid, plays a role in episcleritis, sclerits, tobacco optic neuropathy, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. In children, maternal smoking is a significant risk factor for stages 3 and 4 retinopathy of prematurity, optic nerve hypoplasia among babies with a birth weight over 2500 g and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer. Conclusion: Tobacco smoking plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many posterior eye segment diseases leading to blindness in adults and children.Keywords: Tobacco smoking, retinopathy, ocular inflammation, optic neuropathy, orbitopathy, adults, children.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Smoking and Eye Pathologies. A Systemic Review. Part II. Retina Diseases, Uveitis, Optic Neuropathies, Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy
Volume: 23 Issue: 4
Author(s): Małgorzata Nita and Andrzej Grzybowski
Affiliation:
Keywords: Tobacco smoking, retinopathy, ocular inflammation, optic neuropathy, orbitopathy, adults, children.
Abstract: Background: Tobacco smoking has detrimental influence on human health.
Aim: The analysis of influence of tobacco smoking on retina diseases, uveitis, optic neuropathies, and thyroidassociated orbitopathy in adults and children. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature performed through MEDLINE and PubMed searches, covering the years 2000-2016. Results: In adults, tobacco smoking is a strong risk factor for age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, uveitis and inflamed cystoid macular edema as well as Grave`s ophthalmopathy. Tobacco smoking reduces thickness of the retina and choroid, plays a role in episcleritis, sclerits, tobacco optic neuropathy, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. In children, maternal smoking is a significant risk factor for stages 3 and 4 retinopathy of prematurity, optic nerve hypoplasia among babies with a birth weight over 2500 g and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer. Conclusion: Tobacco smoking plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many posterior eye segment diseases leading to blindness in adults and children.Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Nita Małgorzata and Grzybowski Andrzej, Smoking and Eye Pathologies. A Systemic Review. Part II. Retina Diseases, Uveitis, Optic Neuropathies, Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2017; 23 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612823666170111095723
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612823666170111095723 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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