Abstract
The human body expresses over 100 host defense peptides and proteins (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs). The compounds are produced by tissues and mucosal surfaces, e.g. skin, the digestive and urinary tract, the ocular surface and neutrophils, and are believed to play a crucial role in defense from microbial infection. They are considered to protect the human body against microbial infections due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. As well as having strong antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of microorganisms, AMPs have been found to interact with neutrophils, monocytes and T-cells and promote the production of cytokines. They also neutralize the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and play a crucial role in wound healing processes.
In response to the microbial stimuli the AMPs are released in order to fight the infection, however there are several microorganisms evading the human immune system by downregulation of AMPs. Decreased or elevated expression of AMPs is associated also with several non-infectious diseases. Despite numerous studies conducted in the field of AMPs over the last few decades, their exact role in physiological and pathological processes remains to be explained. In this paper, we review the most significant human AMPs and their potential roles in maintaining human homeostasis as well as in pathological processes.Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidin, defensins, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontitis, arthritis, atherosclerosis.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Human Host Defense Peptides - Role in Maintaining Human Homeostasis and Pathological Processes
Volume: 24 Issue: 7
Author(s): Malgorzata Anna Dawgul*, Katarzyna E. Greber, Wieslaw Sawicki and Wojciech Kamysz
Affiliation:
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk,Poland
Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidin, defensins, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontitis, arthritis, atherosclerosis.
Abstract: The human body expresses over 100 host defense peptides and proteins (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs). The compounds are produced by tissues and mucosal surfaces, e.g. skin, the digestive and urinary tract, the ocular surface and neutrophils, and are believed to play a crucial role in defense from microbial infection. They are considered to protect the human body against microbial infections due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. As well as having strong antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of microorganisms, AMPs have been found to interact with neutrophils, monocytes and T-cells and promote the production of cytokines. They also neutralize the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and play a crucial role in wound healing processes.
In response to the microbial stimuli the AMPs are released in order to fight the infection, however there are several microorganisms evading the human immune system by downregulation of AMPs. Decreased or elevated expression of AMPs is associated also with several non-infectious diseases. Despite numerous studies conducted in the field of AMPs over the last few decades, their exact role in physiological and pathological processes remains to be explained. In this paper, we review the most significant human AMPs and their potential roles in maintaining human homeostasis as well as in pathological processes.Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Dawgul Anna Malgorzata*, Greber E. Katarzyna, Sawicki Wieslaw and Kamysz Wojciech, Human Host Defense Peptides - Role in Maintaining Human Homeostasis and Pathological Processes, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213100443
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213100443 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Effects of Erythropoietin on Brain Function
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Ethyl Pyruvate: A Novel Treatment for Sepsis
Current Drug Targets Heterogeneity of Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Implications for Prediction, Prevention and Treatment Responsiveness
Current Diabetes Reviews Natriuretic Peptide Family: New Aspects
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Alternative Medicine as a Treatment Option for COVID-19
Current Traditional Medicine Hypertension in Pregnancy: A Review of Current Guidelines
Current Women`s Health Reviews Respiratory Gas Exchange During Exercise in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: Methodology and Clinical Concepts
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Human Amniotic Membrane: Clinical Uses, Patents And Marketed Products
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Pharmacokinetics of Biotech Drugs: Peptides, Proteins and Monoclonal Antibodies
Current Drug Metabolism Calcium Related Genes in Dogs as Potential Cardiac Biomarkers for the Detection of Chronic Mitral Valve Disease
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Microparticles: From Biogenesis to Biomarkers and Diagnostic Tools in Cardiovascular Disease
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Dihydrocodeine as an Opioid Analgesic for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Chronic Pain
Current Drug Metabolism Flow Volumes of Internal Jugular Veins are Significantly Reduced in Patients with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Current Neurovascular Research Evaluation of Gene and Cell-Based Therapies for Cardiac Regeneration
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Symptoms in Dilating Venous Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Non-viral Gene Delivery and Therapeutics Targeting to Brain
Current Nanoscience Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A Critical Review
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Biophysical Modeling and Associated Signal Modeling in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Neurosarcoidosis
Current Neuropharmacology Fondaparinux: Pharmacology and Clinical Experience in Cardiovascular Medicine
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry