Abstract
The human body expresses over 100 host defense peptides and proteins (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs). The compounds are produced by tissues and mucosal surfaces, e.g. skin, the digestive and urinary tract, the ocular surface and neutrophils, and are believed to play a crucial role in defense from microbial infection. They are considered to protect the human body against microbial infections due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. As well as having strong antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of microorganisms, AMPs have been found to interact with neutrophils, monocytes and T-cells and promote the production of cytokines. They also neutralize the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and play a crucial role in wound healing processes.
In response to the microbial stimuli the AMPs are released in order to fight the infection, however there are several microorganisms evading the human immune system by downregulation of AMPs. Decreased or elevated expression of AMPs is associated also with several non-infectious diseases. Despite numerous studies conducted in the field of AMPs over the last few decades, their exact role in physiological and pathological processes remains to be explained. In this paper, we review the most significant human AMPs and their potential roles in maintaining human homeostasis as well as in pathological processes.Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidin, defensins, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontitis, arthritis, atherosclerosis.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Human Host Defense Peptides - Role in Maintaining Human Homeostasis and Pathological Processes
Volume: 24 Issue: 7
Author(s): Malgorzata Anna Dawgul*, Katarzyna E. Greber, Wieslaw Sawicki and Wojciech Kamysz
Affiliation:
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk,Poland
Keywords: Antimicrobial peptides, cathelicidin, defensins, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, periodontitis, arthritis, atherosclerosis.
Abstract: The human body expresses over 100 host defense peptides and proteins (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs). The compounds are produced by tissues and mucosal surfaces, e.g. skin, the digestive and urinary tract, the ocular surface and neutrophils, and are believed to play a crucial role in defense from microbial infection. They are considered to protect the human body against microbial infections due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. As well as having strong antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of microorganisms, AMPs have been found to interact with neutrophils, monocytes and T-cells and promote the production of cytokines. They also neutralize the action of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and play a crucial role in wound healing processes.
In response to the microbial stimuli the AMPs are released in order to fight the infection, however there are several microorganisms evading the human immune system by downregulation of AMPs. Decreased or elevated expression of AMPs is associated also with several non-infectious diseases. Despite numerous studies conducted in the field of AMPs over the last few decades, their exact role in physiological and pathological processes remains to be explained. In this paper, we review the most significant human AMPs and their potential roles in maintaining human homeostasis as well as in pathological processes.Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Dawgul Anna Malgorzata*, Greber E. Katarzyna, Sawicki Wieslaw and Kamysz Wojciech, Human Host Defense Peptides - Role in Maintaining Human Homeostasis and Pathological Processes, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213100443
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213100443 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Cardiovascular Control After Spinal Cord Injury
Current Vascular Pharmacology Microcirculatory Dysfunction in Sepsis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Personalized Diabetes and Cancer Medicine: A Rationale for Anti-Diabetic Nutrition (Bitter Melon) in a Supportive Setting
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Current Treatment of the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Glaucoma and Aging
Current Aging Science Genetic Variations of the Hemostatic System as Risk Factors for Venous and Arterial Thrombotic Disease
Current Genomics Gamma-Secretase as a Pharmacological Target in Alzheimer Disease Research: When, Why and How?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Bilirubin Chemistry and Metabolism; Harmful and Protective Aspects
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vascular Damage in Impaired Glucose Tolerance: An Unappreciated Phenomenon?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases: Is There Still Hope?
Current Drug Targets Blood Derivates in Ocular Surface Regeneration
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Strategies to Tackle Early Low Flow States in the Extremely Preterm Infant
Current Pediatric Reviews Immediate and Late Adverse Reactions to Iodinated Contrast Media: A Pharmacological Point of View
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Postoperative Care of the Transplanted Patient
Current Cardiology Reviews Gender Related Issues in the Management of Heart Failure
Current Pharmaceutical Design Iron Deficiency: The Hidden Miscreant in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Current Drug Targets PET Molecular Imaging of Hypoxia in Ischemic Stroke: An Update
Current Vascular Pharmacology Application of VEGF Gene Therapy in Two Basic Fields of Plastic- Reparative Surgery: Tissue Reconstruction with Flaps and Peripheral Nerve Surgery
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Point of Care Cardiac Ultrasound Applications in the Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit - A Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Implications of Pharmacogenetics for Oral Anticoagulants Metabolism
Current Drug Metabolism