Abstract
Background: Caffeic acid (CA) and related phenylpropanoic acids are ubiquitous natural products of the shikimic acid pathway origin. Due to the presence of diorthohydroxyl aromatic (catecholic) moiety, CA is not only one of the most potent antioxidant phenyl propanoids but also displays numerous other pharmacological effects ranging from antiinflammatory to anticancer effects.
Objective: Recent studies also demonstrated that CA both in its free form or conjugated with other groups such as quinic acid and sugars displays profound effects in the brain including protection from toxicity induced by a variety of agents and/or experimental models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this communication, the anti-AD therapeutic potential of CA and its two most common conjugated natural bioactive derivatives, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), is scrutinised by reviewing literature in the past ten years. Besides the common global antioxidant effects, specific antiinflammatory mechanisms in the brain along with the various processes of β-amyloid formation, aggregation and neurotoxicity targets are discussed.
Conclusion: The mini-review also provides an insight into enhancing the therapeutic potential of existing anti-AD drugs by incorporating a CA structural moiety.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, beta-amyloid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid.
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Protective Effects of Caffeic Acid and the Alzheimer's Brain: An Update
Volume: 17 Issue: 8
Author(s): Solomon Habtemariam*
Affiliation:
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB,United Kingdom
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, beta-amyloid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid.
Abstract: Background: Caffeic acid (CA) and related phenylpropanoic acids are ubiquitous natural products of the shikimic acid pathway origin. Due to the presence of diorthohydroxyl aromatic (catecholic) moiety, CA is not only one of the most potent antioxidant phenyl propanoids but also displays numerous other pharmacological effects ranging from antiinflammatory to anticancer effects.
Objective: Recent studies also demonstrated that CA both in its free form or conjugated with other groups such as quinic acid and sugars displays profound effects in the brain including protection from toxicity induced by a variety of agents and/or experimental models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this communication, the anti-AD therapeutic potential of CA and its two most common conjugated natural bioactive derivatives, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), is scrutinised by reviewing literature in the past ten years. Besides the common global antioxidant effects, specific antiinflammatory mechanisms in the brain along with the various processes of β-amyloid formation, aggregation and neurotoxicity targets are discussed.
Conclusion: The mini-review also provides an insight into enhancing the therapeutic potential of existing anti-AD drugs by incorporating a CA structural moiety.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Habtemariam Solomon*, Protective Effects of Caffeic Acid and the Alzheimer's Brain: An Update, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 17 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557516666161130100947
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557516666161130100947 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry
The thematic issue "Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry" provides a robust platform for delving into state-of-the-art computational methodologies and technologies that significantly propel advancements in medicinal chemistry. This edition seeks to amalgamate top-tier reviews spotlighting the latest trends and breakthroughs in the fusion of computational approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI) ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer?s, Parkinson?s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
Natural Products in Drug Discovery
Natural products have always been one of the important ways of drug discovery due to their novel skeleton and diverse functional group characteristics. According to statistics, between 1981 and 2019, the FDA approved a total of 1,394 small molecule drugs for marketing, of which 930 marketed drugs originated from the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Metabolic Activation of Herbal and Dietary Constituents and Its Clinical and Toxicological Implications: An Update
Current Drug Metabolism Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Vascular Pharmacology Treating High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C): Quantity Versus Quality
Current Pharmaceutical Design Propitious Profile of Peppery Piperine
Current Molecular Pharmacology Editorial [Hot topic: Crucial Role of Redox Signaling in the Regulation of Heart Health (Guest Editor: Dipak K. Das)]
Current Cardiology Reviews Patent Annotations
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Neuroprotective Activities of Orientin: A Review
Current Traditional Medicine Pharmacological Targeting of Neuronal Kv7.2/3 Channels: A Focus on Chemotypes and Receptor Sites
Current Medicinal Chemistry Recent Advances in the Development of Anti-Infective Prophylactic and/or Therapeutic Agents Based on Toll-Like Receptor (TLRs)
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Effects of Endothelins on Cardiac and Vascular Cells: New Therapeutic Target for the Future?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Drugs of Abuse-Induced Hyperthermia, Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Neurotoxicity: Neuroprotective Effects of a New Antioxidant Compound H-290/51
Current Pharmaceutical Design Heat Shock Response Regulates Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Homeostasis: Pathophysiological Impact and Therapeutic Potential
Current Diabetes Reviews Statins in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting Mitochondria: A New Promising Approach for the Treatment of Liver Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Editorial: Oxidative Stress in Pathophysiological Conditions
Current Vascular Pharmacology Novel Strategies to Ameliorate Radiation Injury: A Possible Role for Tetrahydrobiopterin
Current Drug Targets An Overview of Published Papers and Important Developments in the Past Three Years
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Sesamin and Sesamolin: Natures Therapeutic Lignans
Current Enzyme Inhibition Vascular Endothelin and Hypertension - From Receptors to Medicine
Current Hypertension Reviews The Role of Dietary Polyphenols in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology