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Current Cancer Drug Targets

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1568-0096
ISSN (Online): 1873-5576

Research Article

Strong Anti-tumorous Potential of Nardostachys jatamansi Rhizome Extract on Glioblastoma and In Silico Analysis of its Molecular Drug Targets

Author(s): Himanshi Kapoor, Nalini Yadav, Madhu Chopra, Sushil Chandra Mahapatra and Veena Agrawal

Volume 17, Issue 1, 2017

Page: [74 - 88] Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/1570163813666161019143740

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Glioblastoma has been reckoned as the prime cause of death due to brain tumours, being the most invasive and lethal. Available treatment options, i.e. surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapies are not effective in improving prognosis, so an alternate therapy is insistent. Plant based drugs are efficient due to their synergistic action, multi-targeted approach and least side effects.

Methods: The anti-tumorous potential of Nardostachys jatamansi rhizome extract (NJRE) on U87 MG cell line was evaluated through various in vitro and in silico bio-analytical tools.

Results: NJRE had a strong anti-proliferative effect on U87 MG cells, Its IC50 was 33.73±3.5, 30.59±3.4 and 28.39±2.9 μg/mL, respectively after 24, 48 and 72 h. NJRE at 30 μg/mL induced DNA fragmentation, indicating apoptosis, early apoptosis began in the cells at 20 μg/mL, whereas higher doses exhibited late apoptosis as revealed by dual fluorescence staining. NJRE at 60 and 80 μg /mL caused a G0/G1 arrest and at 20 and 40 μg/mL showed excessive nucleation and mitotic catastrophe in the cells. Immuno-blotting validated the apoptotic mode of cell death through intrinsic pathway. NJRE was harmless to normal cells. In silico docking of NJRE marker compounds: oroselol, jatamansinol, nardostachysin, jatamansinone and nardosinone have revealed their synergistic and multi-targeted interactions with Vestigial endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), Cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Conclusion: A strong dose specific and time dependent anti-tumorous potential of NJRE on U87 MG cells was seen. The extract can be used for the development of safe and multi-targeted therapy to manage glioblastoma, which has not been reported earlier.

Keywords: Glioblastoma, Nardostachys jatamansi, anti-proliferative effect, alternative medicine research, molecular docking, pharmacokinetics.

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