Abstract
The comorbid prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus reflects the existence of a subset of individuals with a complex common pathophysiology and overlapping risk factors. Such comorbid disease presentations imply a number of difficulties, including: decreased treatment responsivity and adherence; altered glycemic control and increased risk of wider medical complications. A number of factors link MDD to metabolic-associated disorders, including: higher rates of shared risk factors such as poor diet and physical inactivity and biological elements including increased inflammation; insulin resistance; oxidative and nitrosative stress; and mitochondrial dysfunction. All of these biological factors have been extensively investigated in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as MDD. In this review, we aim to: (1) overview the epidemiological links between MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) discuss the role of synergistic neurotoxic effects in MDD comorbid with obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (3) review evidence of intestinal dysbiosis, leaky gut and increased bacterial translocation, in the pathophysiology of MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; and (4) propose a model in which the gut-brain axis could play a pivotal role in the comorbidity of these disorders.
Keywords: Microbiome, gut, probiotics, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, major depressive disorder, psychiatry.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Intestinal Dysbiosis, Gut Hyperpermeability and Bacterial Translocation: Missing Links Between Depression, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
Volume: 22 Issue: 40
Author(s): Anastasiya Slyepchenko, Michael Maes, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, George Anderson, Marco Solmi, Yolanda Sanz, Michael Berk, Cristiano A. Köhler and André F. Carvalho
Affiliation:
Keywords: Microbiome, gut, probiotics, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, major depressive disorder, psychiatry.
Abstract: The comorbid prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus reflects the existence of a subset of individuals with a complex common pathophysiology and overlapping risk factors. Such comorbid disease presentations imply a number of difficulties, including: decreased treatment responsivity and adherence; altered glycemic control and increased risk of wider medical complications. A number of factors link MDD to metabolic-associated disorders, including: higher rates of shared risk factors such as poor diet and physical inactivity and biological elements including increased inflammation; insulin resistance; oxidative and nitrosative stress; and mitochondrial dysfunction. All of these biological factors have been extensively investigated in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as MDD. In this review, we aim to: (1) overview the epidemiological links between MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) discuss the role of synergistic neurotoxic effects in MDD comorbid with obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus; (3) review evidence of intestinal dysbiosis, leaky gut and increased bacterial translocation, in the pathophysiology of MDD, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus; and (4) propose a model in which the gut-brain axis could play a pivotal role in the comorbidity of these disorders.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Slyepchenko Anastasiya, Maes Michael, Machado-Vieira Rodrigo, Anderson George, Solmi Marco, Sanz Yolanda, Berk Michael, Köhler A. Cristiano and Carvalho F. André, Intestinal Dysbiosis, Gut Hyperpermeability and Bacterial Translocation: Missing Links Between Depression, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (40) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160922165706
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160922165706 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Should Cushing's Syndrome be Considered as a Disease with High Cardiovascular Risk in Relevant Guidelines?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Efficacy of Pentoxifylline in the Management of Microalbuminuria in Patients with Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Opportunistic Pathogens in Diabetic Foot Lesions
Current Diabetes Reviews TNF-α and Ghrelin: Opposite Effects on Immune System, Metabolism and Mental Health
Protein & Peptide Letters Cardiovascular Tests: Use & Limits of Biochemical Markers - Therapeutic Measurements of ADMA Involved in Cardiovascular Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Flavonoids from Stem and Leaf of <i>Scutellaria Baicalensis</i> Georgi Inhibit the Phosphorylation on Multi-sites of Tau Protein Induced by Okadaic Acid and the Regulative Mechanism of Protein Kinases in Rats
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Oxindole Derivatives: Synthesis and Antiglycation Activity
Medicinal Chemistry Insulin Resistance in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Prevention of Pre-eclampsia with the Use of Acetylsalicylic Acid and Low-molecular Weight Heparin – Molecular Mechanisms
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Genetic, Epigenetic and Biological Effects of Zinc Transporter (SLC30A8) in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews The Immune System and the Brain: Crosstalk with a Broad Impact From Host Defense to Cognition
Current Neurovascular Research Hyperuricemia and Coronary Artery Disease
Current Rheumatology Reviews Genetic Polymorphisms of Cytochrome p450 (2C9) Enzyme in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Turkmen and Fars Ethnic Groups
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Diet and Metabolic Syndrome: An Overview
Current Vascular Pharmacology Renal Sodium-Dependent Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors for New Anti-Diabetic Agent
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Review
Current Pharmaceutical Design Renal Venous Thrombosis in Neonates
Current Pediatric Reviews Psoriasis and Vascular Risk : An Update
Current Pharmaceutical Design Mango Polyphenols and Its Protective Effects on Diseases Associated to Oxidative Stress
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology An Update on Clinical and Pharmacological Aspects of Drug-Eluting Stents
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets