Abstract
There are several significant setbacks including limited bioavailability, high clearance, and further current therapies require higher and frequent dosing to gain desired therapeutic effects. Nanomedicines have been widely investigated for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Though, higher doses also increase the incidence of dreadful adverse effects. Further, nanocarrier properties are tuned by the use of different approaches like varied methods of loading, hydrophilic polymers and targeting ligands, to change the physicochemical properties including higher encapsulation, better penetrating ability to biological barriers, thus preventing the uptake of various nanocarriers by liver and spleen. Along with these they provide longer circulation which enhances drug localization at the inflamed site and selective targeting to enhance the therapeutic index of anti-rheumatic drugs. However, the optimal properties also depend on the route of administration and nanocarrier size, thus larger size show more retention upon local injection and smaller sized ones are more optimal for passive targeting. The present review discusses the emergence of nano-carriers for anti-rheumatic drugs, which delivers drug molecule to the inflamed site by topical, intra-articular (i.a) and intra-venous (i.v) administration to achieve therapeutic efficacy by passive and active drug targeting. Advancements have been made extensively but still better investigations are needed to optimize the risk-benefit ratio for the development of safe and stable targeting nanocarriers for the effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Topical delivery, Transferosmes, Nanomedicine, Liposomes, Ethosomes, Microemulsion.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Emerging Advances in Nanomedicine as a Nanoscale Pharmacotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: State of the Art
Volume: 17 Issue: 2
Author(s): Mahfoozur Rahman, Gajanand Sharma, Kanika Thakur, Firoz Anwar, O. P. Katare, Vijay G. Goni, Vikas Kumar, Mazin A. Zamzami and Sohail Akhter
Affiliation:
Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Topical delivery, Transferosmes, Nanomedicine, Liposomes, Ethosomes, Microemulsion.
Abstract: There are several significant setbacks including limited bioavailability, high clearance, and further current therapies require higher and frequent dosing to gain desired therapeutic effects. Nanomedicines have been widely investigated for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Though, higher doses also increase the incidence of dreadful adverse effects. Further, nanocarrier properties are tuned by the use of different approaches like varied methods of loading, hydrophilic polymers and targeting ligands, to change the physicochemical properties including higher encapsulation, better penetrating ability to biological barriers, thus preventing the uptake of various nanocarriers by liver and spleen. Along with these they provide longer circulation which enhances drug localization at the inflamed site and selective targeting to enhance the therapeutic index of anti-rheumatic drugs. However, the optimal properties also depend on the route of administration and nanocarrier size, thus larger size show more retention upon local injection and smaller sized ones are more optimal for passive targeting. The present review discusses the emergence of nano-carriers for anti-rheumatic drugs, which delivers drug molecule to the inflamed site by topical, intra-articular (i.a) and intra-venous (i.v) administration to achieve therapeutic efficacy by passive and active drug targeting. Advancements have been made extensively but still better investigations are needed to optimize the risk-benefit ratio for the development of safe and stable targeting nanocarriers for the effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Rahman Mahfoozur, Sharma Gajanand, Thakur Kanika, Anwar Firoz, Katare P. O., Goni G. Vijay, Kumar Vikas, Zamzami A. Mazin and Akhter Sohail, Emerging Advances in Nanomedicine as a Nanoscale Pharmacotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: State of the Art, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 17 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666160530152354
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666160530152354 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Nanoparticulate Iron Oxide Contrast Agents for Untargeted and Targeted Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Current Nanoscience Conduction Disorders: The Value of Surface ECG
Current Cardiology Reviews The Role of the Novel Adipocyte-Derived Protein Adiponectin in Human Disease: An Update
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Anti-Inflammatory Approaches to Reduce Acute Cardiovascular Events: Not Only Benefits
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Orthostatic Hypotension: Evaluation and Treatment
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Intracranial Collateral Flow Estimated by Color Velocity Imaging Quantification Ultrasound: A Protector of Recurrent Stroke in Patient with Carotid Stenosis?
Current Neurovascular Research The Bioenergetics of Isolated Mitochondria from Different Animal Models for Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Socioeconomic Position and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Europe 1999- 2009: a Panorama of Inequalities
Current Diabetes Reviews Impact of Patient Knowledge of Hypertension Complications on Adherence to Antihypertensive Therapy
Current Hypertension Reviews Parathyroid Hypertension: A Rare, but Curable form of Secondary Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews High-Density Lipoprotein-Raising Strategies: Update 2010
Current Pharmaceutical Design Design, Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Chalcone Analogs Derived from 2-Phenylimino-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Sea, Carbohydrates and Clotting: A Triad on the Road of Drug Discovery
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Predicting Drug Metabolism Induction In Silico
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Psoriasis vulgaris and Psoriasis pustulosa – Epidemiology, Quality of Life, Comorbidities and Treatment
Current Rheumatology Reviews Recommendations for Severe Hypertriglyceridemia Treatment, are there New Strategies?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Atrial Tachycardias Arising from the Atrial Appendages and Aortic Sinus of Valsalva
Current Cardiology Reviews Epigenetic and Disease Targets by Polyphenols
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nanoparticulated Quercetin in Combating Age Related Cerebral Oxidative Injury
Current Aging Science Narcolepsy in Adolescents: A Review and Three Case Reports
Adolescent Psychiatry