Abstract
Background: Pain whether acute or chronic, peripheral or central is believed to originate from inflammation and inflammatory response. The potential toxicity of antinociceptive and antiinflammatory agents such as non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) necessitates sourcing for less toxic alternative drugs. Many natural substances have been used for the management of pain and inflammation with success traditionally.
Methods: The present study sought to investigate phytochemistry, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potentials of the methanolic leaves extract of Lannea schimperi. Preliminary phytochemical test was conducted on the extract. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potentials of the extract at doses of 12 and 24 mg/kg were evaluated using acetic acid induced writhing model in mice and egg albumin induced acute inflammation model in rats’ respectively. Aspirin at dose of 80 mg/kg was used as the standard drug given to the positive control group, while the drug vehicle was given to the negative control group.
Result: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrate, glycoside, reducing sugars, triterpene, steroids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, condensed tannins and saponins. The data obtained showed that at both doses the extract significantly (P< 0.05) decreased the acetic acid induced writhing reflex in mice when compared to the negative control group. The result also demonstrated significant (P< 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity of the extract at both doses. However, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the extract treated groups and the group treated with the standard drug (positive control).
Conclusion: The patent data revealed the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potentials of the methanolic leaves extract of Lannea schimperi which could be beneficial in alleviating painful inflammatory conditions.
Keywords: Antinociception, anti-inflammation, Lannea schimperi, methanolic leaves extract, phytochemistry.
Graphical Abstract
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