Abstract
Both the hippocampus and amygdala are early vulnerable brain regions in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, previous studies mainly focused on characterizing the hippocampus in the pathophysiology of AD, leaving the amygdala less explored. Here, we characterized the structures and functions of neurons in the hippocampus and amygdala of young (2, 3 and 4 months of age) APP/PS1 double transgenic (Tg) mice, a widely used AD mouse model. Compared to wild-type littermates (Wt ), Tg mice performed worse in amygdala-dominant memory at all three ages, while hippocampus-dominant memory remained intact until 4-month-old. Likewise, the dendritic arbors of neurons in the basolateral amygdala were reduced in Tg mice as early as 2-months-old, while the dendritic arbors of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions were relatively intact. BDNF signaling pathways (e.g. AKT and PKC) were reduced in the amygdala, but not in the hippocampus, of young Tg mice. Furthermore, reduction of 5-HT and elevation of Aβ levels also occurred earlier in the amygdala and were more pronounced than those in the hippocampus. Negative correlations between the levels of 5-HT and Aβ were evident in the amygdala, but not in the hippocampus. Taken together, these results suggest that neurodegeneration occurs earlier in the amygdala than in the hippocampus. We suggest that amygdala function should be incorporated into the cognitive screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to AD.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, amygdala, dendrite, hippocampus, learning and memory, plasticity.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Neurodegeneration in Amygdala Precedes Hippocampus in the APPswe/ PS1dE9 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Volume: 12 Issue: 10
Author(s): Tzu-Wei Lin, Yu-Fan Liu, Yao-Hsiang Shih, Shean-Jen Chen, Tung-Yi Huang, Chia-Yuan Chang, Chi-Hsiang Lien, Lung Yu, Shun-Hua Chen and Yu-Min Kuo
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, amygdala, dendrite, hippocampus, learning and memory, plasticity.
Abstract: Both the hippocampus and amygdala are early vulnerable brain regions in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, previous studies mainly focused on characterizing the hippocampus in the pathophysiology of AD, leaving the amygdala less explored. Here, we characterized the structures and functions of neurons in the hippocampus and amygdala of young (2, 3 and 4 months of age) APP/PS1 double transgenic (Tg) mice, a widely used AD mouse model. Compared to wild-type littermates (Wt ), Tg mice performed worse in amygdala-dominant memory at all three ages, while hippocampus-dominant memory remained intact until 4-month-old. Likewise, the dendritic arbors of neurons in the basolateral amygdala were reduced in Tg mice as early as 2-months-old, while the dendritic arbors of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions were relatively intact. BDNF signaling pathways (e.g. AKT and PKC) were reduced in the amygdala, but not in the hippocampus, of young Tg mice. Furthermore, reduction of 5-HT and elevation of Aβ levels also occurred earlier in the amygdala and were more pronounced than those in the hippocampus. Negative correlations between the levels of 5-HT and Aβ were evident in the amygdala, but not in the hippocampus. Taken together, these results suggest that neurodegeneration occurs earlier in the amygdala than in the hippocampus. We suggest that amygdala function should be incorporated into the cognitive screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to AD.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lin Tzu-Wei, Liu Yu-Fan, Shih Yao-Hsiang, Chen Shean-Jen, Huang Tung-Yi, Chang Chia-Yuan, Lien Chi-Hsiang, Yu Lung, Chen Shun-Hua and Kuo Yu-Min, Neurodegeneration in Amygdala Precedes Hippocampus in the APPswe/ PS1dE9 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2015; 12 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205012666151027124938
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205012666151027124938 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Thioflavin-S Staining of Bacterial Inclusion Bodies for the Fast, Simple, and Inexpensive Screening of Amyloid Aggregation Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Opioid-induced Nausea and Vomiting: Mechanisms and Strategies for their Limitation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Metabolic Reprogramming of Human Cells in Response to Oxidative Stress: Implications in the Pathophysiology and Therapy of Mitochondrial Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design HSV Amplicons: Neuro Applications
Current Gene Therapy Editorial (Thematic Issue: Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity and Insulin Resistance)
Current Vascular Pharmacology Drugs for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia and their Benefits Beyond Cholesterol Lowering to Prevent Vascular Disease
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Conference Report: 8<sup>th</sup> Clinical Trials on Alzheimer Disease (CTAD), Barcelona, Spain November 5-7, 2015
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Multicomponent Reactions for Multitargeted Compounds for Alzheimer`s Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry BACE Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutics for Alzheimers disease
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Efficacy of Contingency Management for Cocaine Dependence Treatment: A Review of the Evidence
Current Drug Abuse Reviews Sleep Disturbance is Associated with Incident Dementia and Mortality
Current Alzheimer Research Ferric Cycle Activity and Alzheimer Disease
Current Neurovascular Research Default Mode Network Connectivity and Related White Matter Disruption in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Concurrent with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Current Alzheimer Research Currently Available Drugs for the Treatment of Obesity: Sibutramine and Orlistat
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Use of Microarrays to Characterize Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Postmortem Studies of Substance Abuse and Schizophrenia
Current Molecular Medicine Metabolomics and the Diagnosis of Human Diseases -A Guide to the Markers and Pathophysiological Pathways Affected
Current Medicinal Chemistry Lipids as Key Players in Alzheimer Disease - Alterations in Metabolism and Genetics
Current Alzheimer Research Relationship between CNS and Immunology: Correlation with Psychology
Current Drug Metabolism Assessment of the Autonomic Response in Alzheimer's Patients During the Execution of Memory Tasks: A Functional Thermal Imaging Study
Current Alzheimer Research Brain local and regional neuroglial alterations in Alzheimer´s Disease: cell types, responses and implications.
Current Alzheimer Research