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Current Organic Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1385-2728
ISSN (Online): 1875-5348

Carbon Dioxide Utilization by the Five-Membered Ring Products of Cyclometalation Reactions

Author(s): Iwao Omae

Volume 20, Issue 9, 2016

Page: [953 - 962] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1385272819666151022220954

open access plus

Abstract

In carbon dioxide utilization by cyclometalated five-membered ring products, the following compounds are used in four types of applications:

1. 2-Phenylpyrazole iridium compounds, pincer phosphine iridium compounds and 2-phenylimidazoline iridium compounds are used as catalysts for both formic acid production from CO2 and H2, and hydrogen production from the formic acid. This formic acid can be a useful agent for H2 production and storage for fuel cell electric vehicles.

2. Other chemicals, e.g., dimethyl carbonate, methane, methanol and CO, are produced with dimethylaminomethylphenyltin compounds, pincer phosphine iridium compounds, pincer phosphine nickel compound and ruthenium carbene compound or 2-phenylpyridine iridium compounds, and phenylbenzothiazole iridium compounds as the catalysts for the reactions with CO2.

3. The five-membered ring intermediates of cyclometalation reactions with the conventional substrates react with carbon dioxide to afford their many types of carboxylic acid derivatives.

4. Carbon dioxide is easily immobilized at room temperature with immobilizing agents such as pincer phosphine nickel compounds, pincer phosphine palladium compounds, pincer N,N-dimethylaminomethyltin compounds and tris(2-pyridylthio)methane zinc compounds.

Keywords: Carbon dioxide utilization, greenhouse gas, climate change, cyclometalation reactions, five-membered ring, global warming.

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