Abstract
Allergen specific immunotherapy has been introduced in the clinic more than 100 years ago showing effectiveness and, so far, it represents the only curative approach to treat allergic disorders ameliorating the symptoms, reducing the medication costs and blocking the onset of new sensitizations. However, some questions are still open regarding to the safety of the treatment and the need to reduce the dose and time of administration to improve the compliance of the patients. All preparations that are currently available may trigger side effects. For these reasons, new formulations and route of administration have been exploited demonstrating that such products presented improved efficacy and safety. Nanotechnology for biomedical applications offers many advantages, such as improved stability and bioavailability, favourable biodistribution profiles and targeting to specific cell populations whose impact on the immune system has been evaluated in animal systems. Nanoparticles interact with the immune system, and the final outcome of this interaction depends on their physico-chemical characteristics. Concerns can be raised when immunotoxic effect are induced, resulting in inflammatory dangerous responses or in the reduction of the normal defensive activity of the immune system.
In this paper, we will review the most relevant data about the synthesis of allergen/nanoparticles systems and will discuss their impact on the immune system in terms of immunomodulatory activity and immunotoxicity risk assessment.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, allergen, immunotherapy, immunotoxicity.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Nanoparticles Adjuvants in Allergology: New Challenges and Pitfalls
Volume: 21 Issue: 29
Author(s): Gabriella Di Felice, Bianca Barletta, Angela Bonura, Cinzia Butteroni, Silvia Corinti and Paolo Colombo
Affiliation:
Keywords: Nanoparticles, allergen, immunotherapy, immunotoxicity.
Abstract: Allergen specific immunotherapy has been introduced in the clinic more than 100 years ago showing effectiveness and, so far, it represents the only curative approach to treat allergic disorders ameliorating the symptoms, reducing the medication costs and blocking the onset of new sensitizations. However, some questions are still open regarding to the safety of the treatment and the need to reduce the dose and time of administration to improve the compliance of the patients. All preparations that are currently available may trigger side effects. For these reasons, new formulations and route of administration have been exploited demonstrating that such products presented improved efficacy and safety. Nanotechnology for biomedical applications offers many advantages, such as improved stability and bioavailability, favourable biodistribution profiles and targeting to specific cell populations whose impact on the immune system has been evaluated in animal systems. Nanoparticles interact with the immune system, and the final outcome of this interaction depends on their physico-chemical characteristics. Concerns can be raised when immunotoxic effect are induced, resulting in inflammatory dangerous responses or in the reduction of the normal defensive activity of the immune system.
In this paper, we will review the most relevant data about the synthesis of allergen/nanoparticles systems and will discuss their impact on the immune system in terms of immunomodulatory activity and immunotoxicity risk assessment.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Di Felice Gabriella, Barletta Bianca, Bonura Angela, Butteroni Cinzia, Corinti Silvia and Colombo Paolo, Nanoparticles Adjuvants in Allergology: New Challenges and Pitfalls, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2015; 21 (29) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612821666150901102822
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612821666150901102822 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Idronoxil as an Anticancer Agent: Activity and Mechanisms
Current Cancer Drug Targets TNFα Modulation of Visceral and Spinal Sensory Processing
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pharmacological Modulation of Caspase Activation
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Expression of Opioid Receptors During Peripheral Inflammation
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Is HIV Involved in the Pathogenesis of Non-Infectious Pulmonary Complications in Infected Patients?
Current HIV Research High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 in Predicting Recurrence and Severity of Stenosis in Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease
Current Proteomics Safety of Dabigatran in an Elderly Population: Single Center Experience in Italy
Current Drug Safety The Role of P2Y<sub>12</sub> Receptor and Activated Platelets During Inflammation
Current Drug Targets Biosafety of Onco-Retroviral Vectors
Current Gene Therapy Calprotectin: The Link Between Acute Lung Injury and Gastrointestinal Injury in Covid-19: Ban or Boon
Current Protein & Peptide Science Fenofibrate: Metabolic and Pleiotropic Effects
Current Vascular Pharmacology Viral Envelope Membrane: A Special Entry Pathway and a Promising Drug Target
Current Medicinal Chemistry Aging and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Immunosenescence and Beyond
Current Aging Science Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 1A2-Mediated Metabolism and Production of Reactive Oxygen Species by Heme Oxygenase-1 in Rat Liver Microsomes
Drug Metabolism Letters Resveratrol, a Phytochemical Inducer of Multiple Cell Death Pathways: Apoptosis, Autophagy and Mitotic Catastrophe
Current Medicinal Chemistry Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Podocytes as a Target of Prorenin in Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews The Role of Inflammation and Allergy in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Perspectives of Fullerenes, Dendrimers, and Heterocyclic Compounds Application in Tumor Treatment
Recent Patents on Nanomedicine Transient Expression of Recombinant sPDGFRα-Fc in CHO DG44 Cells using 50-mL Orbitally Shaking Disposable Bioreactors
Protein & Peptide Letters