Abstract
The development of silica-based sol-gel techniques compatible with the retention of protein structure and function started more than 20 years ago, mainly for the design of biotechnological devices or biomedical applications. Silica gels are optically transparent, exhibit good mechanical stability, are manufactured with different geometries, and are easily separated from the reaction media. Biomolecules encapsulated in silica gel normally retain their structural and functional properties, are stabilized with respect to chemical and physical insults, and can sometimes exhibit enhanced activity in comparison to the soluble form. This review briefly describes the chemistry of protein encapsulation within the pores of a silica gel three-dimensional network, the mechanism of interaction between the protein and the gel matrix, and its effects on protein structure, function, stability and dynamics. The main applications in the field of biosensor design are described. Special emphasis is devoted to silica gel encapsulation as a tool to selectively stabilize subsets of protein conformations for biochemical and biophysical studies, an application where silica-based encapsulation demonstrated superior performance with respect to other immobilization techniques.
Keywords: Sol-gel, encapsulation, conformational transitions, protein dynamics, heme proteins.
Current Organic Chemistry
Title:Immobilization of Proteins in Silica Gel: Biochemical and Biophysical Properties
Volume: 19 Issue: 17
Author(s): Luca Ronda, Stefano Bruno, Barbara Campanini, Andrea Mozzarelli, Stefania Abbruzzetti, Cristiano Viappiani, Antonio Cupane, Matteo Levantino and Stefano Bettati
Affiliation:
Keywords: Sol-gel, encapsulation, conformational transitions, protein dynamics, heme proteins.
Abstract: The development of silica-based sol-gel techniques compatible with the retention of protein structure and function started more than 20 years ago, mainly for the design of biotechnological devices or biomedical applications. Silica gels are optically transparent, exhibit good mechanical stability, are manufactured with different geometries, and are easily separated from the reaction media. Biomolecules encapsulated in silica gel normally retain their structural and functional properties, are stabilized with respect to chemical and physical insults, and can sometimes exhibit enhanced activity in comparison to the soluble form. This review briefly describes the chemistry of protein encapsulation within the pores of a silica gel three-dimensional network, the mechanism of interaction between the protein and the gel matrix, and its effects on protein structure, function, stability and dynamics. The main applications in the field of biosensor design are described. Special emphasis is devoted to silica gel encapsulation as a tool to selectively stabilize subsets of protein conformations for biochemical and biophysical studies, an application where silica-based encapsulation demonstrated superior performance with respect to other immobilization techniques.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ronda Luca, Bruno Stefano, Campanini Barbara, Mozzarelli Andrea, Abbruzzetti Stefania, Viappiani Cristiano, Cupane Antonio, Levantino Matteo and Bettati Stefano, Immobilization of Proteins in Silica Gel: Biochemical and Biophysical Properties, Current Organic Chemistry 2015; 19 (17) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272819666150601211349
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272819666150601211349 |
Print ISSN 1385-2728 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5348 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of Heterocyclic Chemistry with Pesticide Activity
Global food safety and security will continue to be a global concern for the next 50 years and beyond. Plant diseases have had a significant impact on food safety and security throughout the entire food chain, from primary production to consumption. While conventional chemical pesticides have been traditionally used for ...read more
Calculation design of covalent/metal organic framework based catalysts
This research area combines theoretical computation and screening with machine learning for the design of covalent/metal organic framework-based catalysts, bridging the disciplines of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, computational chemistry, materials science, and machine learning. It covers several critical aspects: designing and synthesizing organic catalysts for improved performance, applying computational methods ...read more
Carbohydrates conversion in biofuels and bioproducts
Biomass pretreatment, hydrolysis, and saccharification of carbohydrates, and sugars bioconversion in biofuels and bioproducts within a biorefinery framework. Carbohydrates derived from woody biomass, agricultural wastes, algae, sewage sludge, or any other lignocellulosic feedstock are included in this issue. Simulation, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis of a biorefinery process are ...read more
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Conference Report: 8<sup>th</sup> Clinical Trials on Alzheimer Disease (CTAD), Barcelona, Spain November 5-7, 2015
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Resorcinol Derivatives as Novel Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: <i>In Silico</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Evaluation
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Relationship Among Fatty Liver, Adipose Tissue Distribution and Metabolic Profile in Moderately Obese Children: An Ultrasonographic Study
Current Pharmaceutical Design Production, Novel Assay Development and Clinical Applications of Monoclonal Antibodies
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Development and Clinical use of Prasugrel and Ticagrelor
Current Pharmaceutical Design Genomic Organization and Control of the Grb7 Gene Family
Current Genomics An Overview of Targeting Legumain for Inhibiting Cancers
Current Pharmaceutical Design Fetal Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes
Current Drug Targets Lipid Rafts, Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria in the Antitumor Action of the Alkylphospholipid Analog Edelfosine
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Comparative Bioavailability of Two Oral Formulations of Clozapine in Steady State Administered in Schizophrenic Volunteers Under Individualized Dose Regime
Current Clinical Pharmacology Potential Role of Statins in Re-Endothelialization
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Chronic Heart Failure and Comorbid Renal Dysfunction - A Focus on Type 2 Cardiorenal Syndrome
Current Cardiology Reviews Metabolomics and Its Practical Value in Pharmaceutical Industry
Current Drug Metabolism Overview: Antioxidants: A “Higgs Boson” in Animal Health and Production
Clinical Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs (Discontinued) Molecular Targeted Approaches for Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Antisense Targets to Enhance Hormone and Cytotoxic Therapies in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Current Drug Targets An Erythroid-Enriched Endoribonuclease (ErEN) Involved in α -Globin mRNA Turnover
Protein & Peptide Letters Neuroprotective Role of Agmatine in Neurological Diseases
Current Neuropharmacology Repeated Frying of Olive Oil has a Better Effect on Survival Rate Compared to Palm Oil through Glucose Energy Metabolism Increase in Mice
Current Nutrition & Food Science Roles of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research