Abstract
RNA-interference (RNAi) agents such as small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA) have strong potential as therapeutic agents for the treatment of a broad range of diseases such as malignancies, infections, autoimmune diseases and neurological diseases that are associated with undesirable gene expression. In recent years, several clinical trials of RNAi therapeutics especially siRNAs have been conducted with limited success so far. For systemic administration of these poorly permeable and easily degradable macromolecules, it is obvious that a safe and efficient delivery platform is highly desirable. Because of high biocompatibility, biodegradability and solid track record for clinical use, nanocarriers made of lipids and/or phospholipids have been commonly employed to facilitate RNA delivery. In this article, the key features of the major sub-classes of lipid-based nanocarriers, e.g. liposomes, lipid nanoparticles and lipid nanoemulsions, will be reviewed. Focus of the discussion is on the various challenges researchers face when developing lipid-based RNA nanocarriers, such as the toxicity of cationic lipids and issues related to PEGylated lipids, as well as the strategies employed in tackling these challenges. It is hoped that by understanding more about the pros and cons of these most frequently used RNA delivery systems, the pharmaceutical scientists, biomedical researchers and clinicians will be more successful in overcoming some of the obstacles that currently limit the clinical translation of RNAi therapy.
Keywords: Drug delivery, lipid, nanocarrier, RNA interference, small-interfering RNA.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for RNA Delivery
Volume: 21 Issue: 22
Author(s): Hui Yi Xue, Pengbo Guo, Wu-Cheng Wen and Ho Lun Wong
Affiliation:
Keywords: Drug delivery, lipid, nanocarrier, RNA interference, small-interfering RNA.
Abstract: RNA-interference (RNAi) agents such as small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA) have strong potential as therapeutic agents for the treatment of a broad range of diseases such as malignancies, infections, autoimmune diseases and neurological diseases that are associated with undesirable gene expression. In recent years, several clinical trials of RNAi therapeutics especially siRNAs have been conducted with limited success so far. For systemic administration of these poorly permeable and easily degradable macromolecules, it is obvious that a safe and efficient delivery platform is highly desirable. Because of high biocompatibility, biodegradability and solid track record for clinical use, nanocarriers made of lipids and/or phospholipids have been commonly employed to facilitate RNA delivery. In this article, the key features of the major sub-classes of lipid-based nanocarriers, e.g. liposomes, lipid nanoparticles and lipid nanoemulsions, will be reviewed. Focus of the discussion is on the various challenges researchers face when developing lipid-based RNA nanocarriers, such as the toxicity of cationic lipids and issues related to PEGylated lipids, as well as the strategies employed in tackling these challenges. It is hoped that by understanding more about the pros and cons of these most frequently used RNA delivery systems, the pharmaceutical scientists, biomedical researchers and clinicians will be more successful in overcoming some of the obstacles that currently limit the clinical translation of RNAi therapy.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Xue Yi Hui, Guo Pengbo, Wen Wu-Cheng and Wong Lun Ho, Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for RNA Delivery, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2015; 21 (22) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612821666150531164540
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612821666150531164540 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Sex Hormones and their Analogues in Neuroimmune Biology
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) TNF, Cell Death and Inflammation
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Selective Binding BAFF/APRIL by the In and Outside Conservative Region of BCMA
Protein & Peptide Letters Tuning Immune Suppression in Systemic Autoimmunity with Self-Derived Peptides
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) The Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel of Intermediate Conductance:A Molecular Target for Novel Treatments?
Current Drug Targets The IL-12 Family of Cytokines in Infection, Inflammation and Autoimmune Disorders
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) The Expanding Role of TNF-Receptor Super Family Member CD40 (tnfrsf5) in Autoimmune Disease: Focus on Th40 Cells
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Osteopontin; as a Target Molecule for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases
Current Drug Targets Chemokines as Drug Targets in Type 1 Diabetes
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Anti-CD20 in Targeting B Lymphocytes for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases: Clinical Benefits and Insights into the Role of B Lymphocytes in Pathophysiology
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO IgG+) and Genetic Susceptibility, Potential Ethnic Influences
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Ubiquitin Ligases as Key Elements for the Modulation of the Immune Response: An Insight in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmunity
Current Rheumatology Reviews Crystallization and Preliminary X-Ray Studies of the Fab Fragment from a Humanized Version of the Mouse Anti-Human Fas Antibody Hfe7a
Protein & Peptide Letters The Soluble CTLA-4 Receptor and its Emerging Role in Autoimmune Diseases
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Methotrexate in the Treatment of Psoriasis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Mechanistic Insights, Current Issues and Novel Delivery Approaches
Current Pharmaceutical Design B-Cell Based Gene Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets The Interleukin-17/Interleukin-22 Innate Axis in the Gut as a New Drug Target in Allergic-Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases. A Working Hypothesis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Adhesion Molecules and Kinases Involved in γ δ T Cells Migratory Pathways:Implications for Viral and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cot/Tpl-2 Protein Kinase as a Target for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Immunotherapy-Based Strategies for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diabetes: Searching for the Cure
Current Pharmaceutical Design