Abstract
Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic agent which is most widely used as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. Metformin improves hyperglycemia by suppressing hepatic glucose production and increasing glucose uptake in muscle. Metformin also has been shown to reduce cardiovascular events in randomized controlled trials; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be established. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that metformin not only improves chronic inflammation through the improvement of metabolic parameters such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia, but also has a direct anti-inflammatory action. Studies have suggested that metformin suppresses inflammatory response by inhibition of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and independent pathways. This review summarizes the basic and clinical evidence of the anti-inflammatory action of metformin and discusses its clinical implication.
Keywords: AMPK, anti-inflammatory effect, biguanide, NFκB, type 2 diabetes.
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Metformin and Inflammation: Its Potential Beyond Glucose-lowering Effect
Volume: 15 Issue: 3
Author(s): Yoshifumi Saisho
Affiliation:
Keywords: AMPK, anti-inflammatory effect, biguanide, NFκB, type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic agent which is most widely used as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. Metformin improves hyperglycemia by suppressing hepatic glucose production and increasing glucose uptake in muscle. Metformin also has been shown to reduce cardiovascular events in randomized controlled trials; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be established. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that metformin not only improves chronic inflammation through the improvement of metabolic parameters such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia, but also has a direct anti-inflammatory action. Studies have suggested that metformin suppresses inflammatory response by inhibition of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and independent pathways. This review summarizes the basic and clinical evidence of the anti-inflammatory action of metformin and discusses its clinical implication.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Saisho Yoshifumi, Metformin and Inflammation: Its Potential Beyond Glucose-lowering Effect, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2015; 15 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530315666150316124019
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530315666150316124019 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Nerve Growth Factor in Neurological and Non-Neurological Diseases: Basic Findings and Emerging Pharmacological Prospectives
Current Pharmaceutical Design Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Neonates and Children: Review and Current Issues
Current Pediatric Reviews Effects of Altered Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression on Cardiovascular Disease
Current Drug Targets Concomitant Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia and Ankylosing Spondylitis: Relation to Clinical Features and Plasma Pentraxin -3 Level
Current Rheumatology Reviews Searching for Phytoinsulins as Cardiovascular Protector in Metabolic Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Design Expression and Function of Cytokines and Chemokines in Neuropsychiatric Related Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Current Rheumatology Reviews HSP70 Inhibitors Reduce The Osteoblast Migration By Epidermal Growth Factor
Current Molecular Medicine Q Fever Endocarditis
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Autoimmune Demyelinating Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Radiological Diagnosis of Renal Thrombosis in Children
Current Pediatric Reviews Controversies in Pharmacological Treatment of Inflammatory Component of Macular Edema
Current Pharmaceutical Design Peptides Derived from Platelet Non-integrin Collagen-receptors or Types I and III Collagen Inhibit Collagen-Platelet Interaction
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Nitroso-Redox Balance and Modulation of Basal Myocardial Function: An Update from the Italian Society of Cardiovascular Research (SIRC)
Current Drug Targets Autoantibodies as Biomarkers for ANCA-Associated Vasculitides
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Inflammation and Chronic Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Induced Late Normal Tissue Injury: Therapeutic Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Advanced Techniques for Imaging the Human Spinal Cord: Review of Literature
Current Medical Imaging Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage is Associated with Mortality after Acute Ischemic Stroke
Current Neurovascular Research The Risk of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Under Biological Agents Used in the Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) A Review on Screening Models for Potential Therapeutic Candidates and Targets Against SARS-CoV-2
Current Drug Targets Vascular Effects of Estrogenic Menopausal Hormone Therapy
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials