Abstract
NAD+ and NADH play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes including energy metabolism, mitochondrial functions, and gene expression. Multiple studies have indicated that NAD+ administration can profoundly decrease oxidative cell death as well as ischemic and traumatic brain injury, suggesting NAD+ metabolism as a promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia and head injury. Cumulating evidence has suggested that NAD+ can produce its protective effects by multiple mechanisms, including preventing mitochondrial alterations, enhancing energy metabolism, preventing virtually all forms of cell death including apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, inhibiting inflammation, directly increasing antioxidation capacity of cells and tissues, and activating SIRT1. Increasing evidence has also suggested that NADH metabolism is a potential therapeutic target for treating several neurological disorders. A number of studies have further indicated that multiple NAD+-dependent enzymes such as sirtuins, polymerase(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and CD38 mediate cell death and multiple biological processes. In this article, an overview of the recent findings regarding the roles of NAD+/NADH and NAD+- dependent enzymes in cell death and ischemic brain injury is provided. These findings have collectively indicated that NAD+/NADH and NAD+-dependent enzymes play fundamental roles in oxidative stress-induced cell death and ischemic brain injury, which may become promising therapeutic targets for brain ischemia and multiple other neurological disorders.
Keywords: CD38, cell death, ischemic brain injury, NAD+, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, sirtuins.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:NAD+/NADH Metabolism and NAD+-Dependent Enzymes in Cell Death and Ischemic Brain Injury: Current Advances and Therapeutic Implications
Volume: 22 Issue: 10
Author(s): Yingxin Ma, Hui Nie, Heyu Chen, Jiefu Li, Yunyi Hong, Ban Wang, Caixia Wang, Jie Zhang, Wei Cao, Mingchao Zhang, Yongning Xu, Xianting Ding, Shan Kai Yin, Xinkai Qu and Weihai Ying
Affiliation:
Keywords: CD38, cell death, ischemic brain injury, NAD+, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, sirtuins.
Abstract: NAD+ and NADH play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes including energy metabolism, mitochondrial functions, and gene expression. Multiple studies have indicated that NAD+ administration can profoundly decrease oxidative cell death as well as ischemic and traumatic brain injury, suggesting NAD+ metabolism as a promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia and head injury. Cumulating evidence has suggested that NAD+ can produce its protective effects by multiple mechanisms, including preventing mitochondrial alterations, enhancing energy metabolism, preventing virtually all forms of cell death including apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, inhibiting inflammation, directly increasing antioxidation capacity of cells and tissues, and activating SIRT1. Increasing evidence has also suggested that NADH metabolism is a potential therapeutic target for treating several neurological disorders. A number of studies have further indicated that multiple NAD+-dependent enzymes such as sirtuins, polymerase(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and CD38 mediate cell death and multiple biological processes. In this article, an overview of the recent findings regarding the roles of NAD+/NADH and NAD+- dependent enzymes in cell death and ischemic brain injury is provided. These findings have collectively indicated that NAD+/NADH and NAD+-dependent enzymes play fundamental roles in oxidative stress-induced cell death and ischemic brain injury, which may become promising therapeutic targets for brain ischemia and multiple other neurological disorders.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ma Yingxin, Nie Hui, Chen Heyu, Li Jiefu, Hong Yunyi, Wang Ban, Wang Caixia, Zhang Jie, Cao Wei, Zhang Mingchao, Xu Yongning, Ding Xianting, Yin Kai Shan, Qu Xinkai and Ying Weihai, NAD+/NADH Metabolism and NAD+-Dependent Enzymes in Cell Death and Ischemic Brain Injury: Current Advances and Therapeutic Implications, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 22 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150209154420
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150209154420 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Peripheral Biomarkers to Assess Suicide Risk
Current Psychiatry Reviews Treating Cancer and No-Cancer Pain in Older and Oldest Old Patients
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nitric Oxide and the Regulation of Apoptosis in Tumour Cells
Current Pharmaceutical Design Update on the Role of Neutrophils in Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability
Current Drug Targets Cellular Protection and Therapeutic Potential of Tocotrienols
Current Pharmaceutical Design Autophagy as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer Treatment
Current Cancer Drug Targets Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3: A Potential Target for Drug Discovery in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Enzyme Inhibition Microglial Senescence
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Multiscale Modelling of Relationships between Protein Classes and Drug Behavior Across all Diseases Using the CANDO Platform
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry New Strategies and Drugs in the Treatment of Hypertension: Monotherapy or Combination?
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Responses of Glial Cells to Stress and Glucocorticoids
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Modulation of the FGF14:FGF14 Homodimer Interaction Through Short Peptide Fragments
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Interferons: Mechanisms, Biological Activities and Survey of their Use in Human Diseases
Current Bioactive Compounds Systemic Delivery of siRNA: Challenging but Promising
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation Gene Therapy for Ocular Neovascularization
Current Gene Therapy Heat Shock Proteins: Therapeutic Drug Targets for Chronic Neurodegeneration?
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Disease-Related Changes in TRPV1 Expression and Its Implications for Drug Development
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Retrogenesis Model in Alzheimer’s Disease: Evidence and Pract ical Applications
Current Psychiatry Reviews Application of Targeted Therapy to Malignant Gliomas and Response to Treatment
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Cognitive, Psychological and Psychiatric Effects of Ionizing Radiation Exposure
Current Medicinal Chemistry