Abstract
Objective: To examine the association of mid-life exposure to several psychiatric disorders with the development of late-life dementia. Methods: A matched case-control study using Western Australian state-wide hospital inpatient, outpatient mental health and emergency records linked to death records. Incident dementia cases (2000-2009) aged 65 to 84 years were sex- and age-matched to an electoral roll control. Records as far back as 1970 were used to assess exposure to medical risk factors before age 65 years. Candidate psychiatric risk factors were required to be present at least 10 years before dementia onset to ensure direction of potential causality. Odds ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: 13, 568 dementia cases (median age 78.7 years, 43.4 % male) were matched to a control. Depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorder and alcohol dependence were found to be significant and independent risk factors for late-life dementia after adjusting for diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and smoking risk factors. The effect of a history of depression, schizophrenia and alcohol dependency on dementia risk varied with age, being strongest for earlier onset late-life dementia and waning at older ages. Conclusion: Severe depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and alcoholic dependency disorder treated by specialists in psychiatric facilities in mid-life are important risk factors for late-life dementia. These psychiatric conditions need to be considered in future studies of the risk and prevention of late-life dementia.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, case-control studies, dementia, depression, risk factors, schizophrenia.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Severe Psychiatric Disorders in Mid-Life and Risk of Dementia in Late- Life (Age 65-84 Years): A Population Based Case-Control Study
Volume: 11 Issue: 7
Author(s): Renate R. Zilkens, David G. Bruce, Janine Duke, Katrina Spilsbury and James B. Semmens
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, case-control studies, dementia, depression, risk factors, schizophrenia.
Abstract: Objective: To examine the association of mid-life exposure to several psychiatric disorders with the development of late-life dementia. Methods: A matched case-control study using Western Australian state-wide hospital inpatient, outpatient mental health and emergency records linked to death records. Incident dementia cases (2000-2009) aged 65 to 84 years were sex- and age-matched to an electoral roll control. Records as far back as 1970 were used to assess exposure to medical risk factors before age 65 years. Candidate psychiatric risk factors were required to be present at least 10 years before dementia onset to ensure direction of potential causality. Odds ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: 13, 568 dementia cases (median age 78.7 years, 43.4 % male) were matched to a control. Depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorder and alcohol dependence were found to be significant and independent risk factors for late-life dementia after adjusting for diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and smoking risk factors. The effect of a history of depression, schizophrenia and alcohol dependency on dementia risk varied with age, being strongest for earlier onset late-life dementia and waning at older ages. Conclusion: Severe depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and alcoholic dependency disorder treated by specialists in psychiatric facilities in mid-life are important risk factors for late-life dementia. These psychiatric conditions need to be considered in future studies of the risk and prevention of late-life dementia.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zilkens R. Renate, Bruce G. David, Duke Janine, Spilsbury Katrina and Semmens B. James, Severe Psychiatric Disorders in Mid-Life and Risk of Dementia in Late- Life (Age 65-84 Years): A Population Based Case-Control Study, Current Alzheimer Research 2014; 11 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205011666140812115004
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205011666140812115004 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Three Musketeers for Lowering Cholesterol: Statins, Ezetimibe and Evolocumab
Current Medicinal Chemistry Prevalence of Diabetes Among Immigrants in the Nordic Countries
Current Diabetes Reviews Cytotoxic and Chemopreventive Effects of Gemin D Against Different Mutagens Using In Vitro and In Vivo Assays
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Phycobiliproteins: A Novel Green Tool from Marine Origin Blue-Green Algae and Red Algae
Protein & Peptide Letters Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: 10 Key Lessons
Current Cardiology Reviews Law-Medicine Interfacing: Patenting of Human Genes and Mutations
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences Therapeutic Angiogenesis for Peripheral Artery Diseases by Autologous Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation
Current Pharmaceutical Design MicroRNAs Determining Inflammation as Novel Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Current Medicinal Chemistry Erythropoietin in Heart Failure and Other Cardiovascular Diseases: Hematopoietic and Pleiotropic Effects
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Outcomes of Anticoagulant Therapy with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (LMWH) and Warfarin for Thromboangiitis Obliterans (TAO)
Current Vascular Pharmacology Molecular Targets of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Trials Comparing Percutaneous And Surgical Myocardial Revascularization: A Review
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Hypertension and Concurrent Arrhythmias
Current Pharmaceutical Design Non-Invasive Assessment of Atherosclerosis Risk
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Genetic Determinants of HDL Metabolism
Current Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutic Potential of N-Acetylcysteine for Wound Healing, Acute Bronchiolitis, and Congenital Heart Defects
Current Drug Metabolism Hypertension and Compliance to Treatment in the Primary Care Setting: Key Issues from the Literature Review
Current Hypertension Reviews Intranasal Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System: Present Status and Future Outlook
Current Pharmaceutical Design An Association between MicroRNA-21 Expression and Vitamin D Deficiency in Coronary Artery Disease
MicroRNA Chips for Brains
Current Genomics