Abstract
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of blindness in the diabetic population. The diabetes Control and Complications Trial reported that 27% of patients affected by type 1 diabetes develop DME within 9 years of onset. Other studies have shown that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the prevalence increased from 3% to 28% within 5 years of diagnosis to twenty years after the onset. At the present time, despite the enthusiasm for evaluating several new treatments for DME, including the intravitreal therapies for DME (e.g., corticosteroids, and anti-VEGF drugs), laser photocoagulation remains the current gold standard and the only treatment with proven efficacy in a wide range of clinical trials for this condition. Despite being the standard technique for comparison and evaluation of the emerging treatments, we have generally poor understanding of the ETDRS recommendations, and we often forget about the results of laser in DME. The purpose of this review is to update our knowledge on laser photocoagulation for DME with an extensive review of the ETDRS results and discuss the laser techniques. Furthermore, we will describe the new developments in laser systems and review the current indications and results. Finally, we will discuss the results of laser treatments versus the current pharmacological therapies. We conclude by trying to provide a general overview that which laser treatment must be indicated and what types of lasers are currently recommended.
Keywords: Laser, grid laser, focal laser, pan-retina-photocoagulation, anti-VEGF injections, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, clinically significant macular edema, diffuse macular edema, focal macular edema.
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title:Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21st Century
Volume: 10 Issue: 2
Author(s): Pedro Romero-Aroca, Javier Reyes-Torres, Marc Baget-Bernaldiz and Cristina Blasco-Sune
Affiliation:
Keywords: Laser, grid laser, focal laser, pan-retina-photocoagulation, anti-VEGF injections, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, clinically significant macular edema, diffuse macular edema, focal macular edema.
Abstract: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of blindness in the diabetic population. The diabetes Control and Complications Trial reported that 27% of patients affected by type 1 diabetes develop DME within 9 years of onset. Other studies have shown that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the prevalence increased from 3% to 28% within 5 years of diagnosis to twenty years after the onset. At the present time, despite the enthusiasm for evaluating several new treatments for DME, including the intravitreal therapies for DME (e.g., corticosteroids, and anti-VEGF drugs), laser photocoagulation remains the current gold standard and the only treatment with proven efficacy in a wide range of clinical trials for this condition. Despite being the standard technique for comparison and evaluation of the emerging treatments, we have generally poor understanding of the ETDRS recommendations, and we often forget about the results of laser in DME. The purpose of this review is to update our knowledge on laser photocoagulation for DME with an extensive review of the ETDRS results and discuss the laser techniques. Furthermore, we will describe the new developments in laser systems and review the current indications and results. Finally, we will discuss the results of laser treatments versus the current pharmacological therapies. We conclude by trying to provide a general overview that which laser treatment must be indicated and what types of lasers are currently recommended.
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Cite this article as:
Romero-Aroca Pedro, Reyes-Torres Javier, Baget-Bernaldiz Marc and Blasco-Sune Cristina, Laser Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema in the 21st Century, Current Diabetes Reviews 2014; 10 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399810666140402123026
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399810666140402123026 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
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