Abstract
In humans uric acid (UA) is the end product of degradation of purines. The handling of UA by the renal system is a complex process which is not fully understood. To date, several urate transporters in the renal proximal tubule have been identified. Among them, urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and a glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) are considered of greater importance, as potential targets for treatment of hyperuricemia and the potential associated cardio-metabolic risk. Therefore, the recognition of the metabolic pathway of UA and elucidation of occurrence of hyperuricemia may provide important insights about the relationship between UA, pre-hypertension (preHT) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We also review the available clinical studies in this field, including experimental studies dealing with the mechanisms of UA transport via different transporters, as well as current treatment options for hyperuricemia in patients with MetS, preHT or cardiovascular risk factors.
Keywords: Cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, metabolism, pre-hypertension, uric acid.
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title:Uric Acid Metabolism in Pre-hypertension and the Metabolic Syndrome
Volume: 12 Issue: 4
Author(s): Manfredi Rizzo, Milan Obradovic, Milica Labudovic-Borovic, Dragana Nikolic, Giuseppe Montalto, Ali A. Rizvi, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis and Esma R. Isenovic
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, metabolism, pre-hypertension, uric acid.
Abstract: In humans uric acid (UA) is the end product of degradation of purines. The handling of UA by the renal system is a complex process which is not fully understood. To date, several urate transporters in the renal proximal tubule have been identified. Among them, urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and a glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) are considered of greater importance, as potential targets for treatment of hyperuricemia and the potential associated cardio-metabolic risk. Therefore, the recognition of the metabolic pathway of UA and elucidation of occurrence of hyperuricemia may provide important insights about the relationship between UA, pre-hypertension (preHT) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We also review the available clinical studies in this field, including experimental studies dealing with the mechanisms of UA transport via different transporters, as well as current treatment options for hyperuricemia in patients with MetS, preHT or cardiovascular risk factors.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Rizzo Manfredi, Obradovic Milan, Labudovic-Borovic Milica, Nikolic Dragana, Montalto Giuseppe, Rizvi A. Ali, Mikhailidis P. Dimitri and Isenovic R. Esma, Uric Acid Metabolism in Pre-hypertension and the Metabolic Syndrome, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2014; 12 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161111999131205160756
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161111999131205160756 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Nutritional Aspects Relating to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
Current Women`s Health Reviews Role of CGRP-Receptor Component Protein (RCP) in CLR/RAMP Function
Current Protein & Peptide Science Antiangiogenic Agents in the Treatment of HER2-Negative Metastatic breast Cancer: A Brief Review
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Sulfaphenazole and α-Naphthoflavone Attenuate the Metabolism of the Synthetic Cannabinoids JWH-018 and AM2201 Found in K2/Spice
Drug Metabolism Letters Current Outcomes and Considerations in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Current Pediatric Reviews Risk-Benefit Perspectives in COX-2 Blockade
Current Drug Safety Oleanolic Acid and Related Triterpenoids from Olives on Vascular Function: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives
Current Medicinal Chemistry Analgesic Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Current Rheumatology Reviews Surgical Intervention in Preterm Neonates with Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Current Pediatric Reviews Endocrinological Aspects of Proteinuria and Podocytopathy in Diabetes: Role of the Aldosterone/Mineralocorticoid Receptor System
Current Diabetes Reviews Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery 1+1 > 2: Integration of the Host-directed Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Virus-targeted Modern Medicine in Control of COVID-19
Clinical Cancer Drugs α-Glucosidase Inhibition, Antioxidant and Docking Studies of Hydroxycoumarins and their Mono and Bis O-alkylated/acetylated Analogs
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Modelling Chemotherapy-induced Cardiotoxicity by Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Current Drug Targets Biochemical and Molecular Basis of Insulin Resistance
Current Protein & Peptide Science Pharmacological Modulations of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Human Congestive Heart Failure: Effects on Peripheral Vascular Endothelial Function
Current Vascular Pharmacology Insulin Resistance the Link between T2DM and CVD: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Current Vascular Pharmacology Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Non-coding RNAs and Hypertension–Unveiling Unexpected Mechanisms of Hypertension by the Dark Matter of the Genome
Current Hypertension Reviews Recent Advances in Small Molecule Inhibitors of VEGFR and EGFR Signaling Pathways
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry