Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive decline of cognitive functions and represents the most common form of dementia and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the modern, westernized societies. There is accumulating evidence to support the hypothesis that a primary cerebral vascular dysfunction initiates a cascade of events that lead to neuronal injury in Alzheimer’s dementia. The endothelium, in specific, constitutes a part of the blood brain barrier, the dysfunction of which is thought to play an important role to disturbed amyloid-β homeostasis and infiltration of the brain parenchyma with circulating toxic molecules in the disease. Furthermore, the endothelium itself is under certain conditions capable of producing neurotoxic and inflammatory factors, whereas common growth factors regulate the development and maintenance of both neurons and blood vessels. Reliance of both endothelial and neuronal cells on mitochondrial integrity and common molecular pathways for apoptosis also imply that there is a link between vascular pathology and neurodegeneration. The present article intends to review available evidence on molecular players implicated in the above mechanisms with the potential to develop biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, dementia, endothelium, vascular, β-amyloid.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Molecular Links Between Endothelial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease
Volume: 11 Issue: 1
Author(s): Epameinondas Lyros, Constantinos Bakogiannis, Yang Liu and Klaus Fassbender
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, dementia, endothelium, vascular, β-amyloid.
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive decline of cognitive functions and represents the most common form of dementia and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the modern, westernized societies. There is accumulating evidence to support the hypothesis that a primary cerebral vascular dysfunction initiates a cascade of events that lead to neuronal injury in Alzheimer’s dementia. The endothelium, in specific, constitutes a part of the blood brain barrier, the dysfunction of which is thought to play an important role to disturbed amyloid-β homeostasis and infiltration of the brain parenchyma with circulating toxic molecules in the disease. Furthermore, the endothelium itself is under certain conditions capable of producing neurotoxic and inflammatory factors, whereas common growth factors regulate the development and maintenance of both neurons and blood vessels. Reliance of both endothelial and neuronal cells on mitochondrial integrity and common molecular pathways for apoptosis also imply that there is a link between vascular pathology and neurodegeneration. The present article intends to review available evidence on molecular players implicated in the above mechanisms with the potential to develop biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lyros Epameinondas, Bakogiannis Constantinos, Liu Yang and Fassbender Klaus, Molecular Links Between Endothelial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2014; 11 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205010666131119235254
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205010666131119235254 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
RAGE, Diabetes, and the Nervous System
Current Molecular Medicine Experimental Fracture Protocols in Assessments of Potential Agents for Osteoporotic Fracture Healing Using Rodent Models
Current Drug Targets Patent Selections:
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine A Rescue Factor for Alzheimers Diseases: Discovery, Activity, Structure,and Mechanism
Current Medicinal Chemistry Resistin and Oxidative Stress in Non-Diabetic Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Nocturnal Hypertension
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Treatment of Periodontitis for the Prevention of Endothelial Dysfunction: A Narrative Review
Current Vascular Pharmacology Formaldehyde as a trigger for protein aggregation and potential target for mitigation of age-related, progressive cognitive impairment
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Patterns of Cognitive Decline and Rates of Conversion to Dementia in Patients with Degenerative and Vascular forms of MCI
Current Alzheimer Research Adrenomedullin Expression in Alzheimer's Brain
Current Alzheimer Research Should Percutaneous Coronary Intervention be the Standard Treatment Strategy for Significant Coronary Artery Disease in all Octogenarians?
Current Cardiology Reviews Differential Influence of Carotid Stenosis and White Matter Disease on Motor and Cognitive Activation
Current Alzheimer Research Does Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) Hold Promise as a Future Therapeutic Target?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Disrupted Functional Connectivity Related to Differential Degeneration of the Cingulum Bundle in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients
Current Alzheimer Research A SELDI-TOF-MS Study in Lacunar Stroke with Subsequent Haptoglobin Phenotyping
Current Neurovascular Research Hippocampal BDNF Expression in a Tau Transgenic Mouse Model
Current Alzheimer Research Are Cerebral Perfusion and Atrophy Linked in Multiple Sclerosis? Evidence for a Multifactorial Approach to Assess Neurodegeneration
Current Neurovascular Research Erythrocyte Amyloid Beta Peptide Isoform Distributions in Alzheimer and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Current Alzheimer Research Cannabinoid System in Neurodegeneration: New Perspectives in Alzheimers Disease
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Aneurysm Formation and Rupture
Current Neurovascular Research Platelets as Potential Link Between Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease
Current Alzheimer Research