Abstract
An epigenetic change is defined as an alteration in gene expression that does not involve a change in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification (acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation) and miRNA, are critical for regulating developmental events. However, aberrant epigenetic mechanisms may lead to pathological consequences such as cardiovascular disease (CAD), neurodegenerative disease, obesity, metabolic disorder, bone and skeletal diseases and various cancers. Given that epigenetic modifications are heritable and reversible, in contrast to genetic changes, they have been identified as promising targets for disease prevention strategies. Over the past few decades, polyphenols, which are widely present in foods such as fruits and vegetables, have been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities for human health. Polyphenols reverse adverse epigenetic regulation by altering DNA methylation and histone modification, and they modulate microRNA expression or directly interact with enzymes that result in the reactivation of silenced tumor suppressor genes or the inactivation of oncogenes. Therefore, dietary polyphenol- targeted epigenetics becomes an attractive approach for disease prevention and intervention. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge and underlying mechanisms of the most common dietary polyphenols and their influence on major epigenetic mechanisms associated with disease intervention.
Keywords: Epigenetic, DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNA, polyphenol, disease.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Epigenetic and Disease Targets by Polyphenols
Volume: 19 Issue: 34
Author(s): Min-Hsiung Pan, Ching-Shu Lai, Jia-Ching Wu and Chi-Tang Ho
Affiliation:
Keywords: Epigenetic, DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNA, polyphenol, disease.
Abstract: An epigenetic change is defined as an alteration in gene expression that does not involve a change in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification (acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation) and miRNA, are critical for regulating developmental events. However, aberrant epigenetic mechanisms may lead to pathological consequences such as cardiovascular disease (CAD), neurodegenerative disease, obesity, metabolic disorder, bone and skeletal diseases and various cancers. Given that epigenetic modifications are heritable and reversible, in contrast to genetic changes, they have been identified as promising targets for disease prevention strategies. Over the past few decades, polyphenols, which are widely present in foods such as fruits and vegetables, have been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities for human health. Polyphenols reverse adverse epigenetic regulation by altering DNA methylation and histone modification, and they modulate microRNA expression or directly interact with enzymes that result in the reactivation of silenced tumor suppressor genes or the inactivation of oncogenes. Therefore, dietary polyphenol- targeted epigenetics becomes an attractive approach for disease prevention and intervention. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge and underlying mechanisms of the most common dietary polyphenols and their influence on major epigenetic mechanisms associated with disease intervention.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Pan Min-Hsiung, Lai Ching-Shu, Wu Jia-Ching and Ho Chi-Tang, Epigenetic and Disease Targets by Polyphenols, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (34) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319340010
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319340010 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Therapeutic Interventions for Advanced Glycation-End Products and its Receptor- Mediated Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
Current Molecular Medicine Statins and Vulnerable Plaque
Current Pharmaceutical Design Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Signaling in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure
Current Pharmaceutical Design Potential Role of microRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease: Are They up to Their Hype?
Current Cardiology Reviews Proinflammatory Gene Polymorphisms and Ischemic Stroke
Current Pharmaceutical Design Skeletal Muscle Derived Stem Cells for Myocardial Repair
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Breath Tests to Assess Alcoholic Liver Disease
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Bcl-2 Family Proteins Regulate Apoptosis and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by Calcium Signals
Current Pharmaceutical Design Valosin Containing Protein Associated Fronto-Temporal Lobar Degeneration:Clinical Presentation, Pathologic Features and Pathogenesis
Current Alzheimer Research Function and Expression Pattern of Nonsyndromic Deafness Genes
Current Molecular Medicine Occurrence and Clinical Impact of Microembolic Signals (MES) in Patients with Chronic Cardiac Diseases and Atheroaortic Plaques - A Systematic Review
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cardiac Amyloidosis Responding to Bortezomib: Case Report and Review of Literature
Current Cardiology Reviews Impact of Matrix Metalloproteinases on Atherosclerosis
Current Drug Targets Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Pathological Tau Aggregates
Current Pharmaceutical Design Ethanol and Inflammation
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cardiovascular Side Effects of New Antidepressants and Antipsychotics: New Drugs, old Concerns?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Natural Products as Anti-Cancerous Therapeutic Molecules Targeted towards Topoisomerases
Current Protein & Peptide Science Protein Kinase C Isozyme Selective Peptides - A Current View of What they Tell Us About Location and Function of Isozymes in the Heart
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Circadian Rhythms in Fatal Arrhythmias and the Potential Impact of Intervention for Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Current Pharmaceutical Design