Abstract
The purines ATP and adenosine are widely recognized for their neuromodulatory effects. They have been shown to have effects on neurons via various receptors and interactions with glial cells. In particular, long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slice preparations has been found to be modulated by ATP and adenosine. This review gives an overview of purinergic signaling in relation to hippocampal LTP and memory formation. The data supports the hypothesis that adenosine mediates a tonic suppression of synaptic transmission. Thus, low adenosine levels appear to increase basal synaptic activity via a decreased activation of the inhibitor A1 receptor, consequently making it more difficult to induce LTP because of lower contrast. During high stimulation, the inhibition of neighboring pathways by adenosine, in combination with an A2a receptor activation, appears to increase contrast of excited pathways against a nonexcited background. This would enable amplification of specific signaling while suppressing non-specific events. Although a clear role for purinergic signaling in LTP is evident, more studies are needed to scrutinize the modulatory role of ATP and adenosine and their receptors in synaptic plasticity and memory.
Keywords: ATP, adenosine, LTP, hippocampus, memory, synaptic plasticity.
Current Neuropharmacology
Title:Purinergic Signaling and Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation
Volume: 12 Issue: 1
Author(s): Robert Duster, Jos Prickaerts and Arjan Blokland
Affiliation:
Keywords: ATP, adenosine, LTP, hippocampus, memory, synaptic plasticity.
Abstract: The purines ATP and adenosine are widely recognized for their neuromodulatory effects. They have been shown to have effects on neurons via various receptors and interactions with glial cells. In particular, long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slice preparations has been found to be modulated by ATP and adenosine. This review gives an overview of purinergic signaling in relation to hippocampal LTP and memory formation. The data supports the hypothesis that adenosine mediates a tonic suppression of synaptic transmission. Thus, low adenosine levels appear to increase basal synaptic activity via a decreased activation of the inhibitor A1 receptor, consequently making it more difficult to induce LTP because of lower contrast. During high stimulation, the inhibition of neighboring pathways by adenosine, in combination with an A2a receptor activation, appears to increase contrast of excited pathways against a nonexcited background. This would enable amplification of specific signaling while suppressing non-specific events. Although a clear role for purinergic signaling in LTP is evident, more studies are needed to scrutinize the modulatory role of ATP and adenosine and their receptors in synaptic plasticity and memory.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Duster Robert, Prickaerts Jos and Blokland Arjan, Purinergic Signaling and Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation, Current Neuropharmacology 2014; 12 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X113119990045
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X113119990045 |
Print ISSN 1570-159X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6190 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Ceramide Kinase and the Ceramide-1-Phosphate/cPLA2α Interaction as a Therapeutic Target
Current Drug Targets Free Radicals in Diseases and Potential Role of Phytoconstituents-A Cause with Emerging Importance
Current Chemical Biology tPA in the Central Nervous System: Relations Between tPA and Cell Surface LRPs
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Biochemical, Molecular and Epigenetic Mechanisms of Valproic Acid Neuroprotection
Current Molecular Pharmacology Surrogate Outcomes for Progression in the Initial Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Redox mechanisms in pathological angiogenesis in the retina: roles for NADPH oxidase
Current Pharmaceutical Design Resilient Brain Aging: Characterization of Discordance between Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology and Cognition
Current Alzheimer Research Adenosine A1 Receptors in the Central Nervous System: Their Functions in Health and Disease, and Possible Elucidation by PET Imaging
Current Medicinal Chemistry Melatonin in Pregnancy: Effects on Brain Development and CNS Programming Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Tandem Repeat Peptide Strategy for the Design of Neurotrophic Factor Mimetics
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets NMDA Receptor Antagonists as Antidepressant and Antidementia Drugs: Recent Developments and Future Prospects
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents Cerebrovascular Complications of Diabetes: Focus on Stroke
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Saxagliptin: A New Drug for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Increased Neuronal Injury in Transgenic Mice with Neuronal Overexpression of Human Cyclooxygenase-2 is reversed by Hypothermia and Rofecoxib Treatment
Current Neurovascular Research Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Diabetes Mellitus: Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption, Pathophysiology and Cognitive Impairments
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Current Advances in Vehicles for Brain Gene Delivery
Current Gene Therapy Protein-Energy Malnutrition Alters Thermoregulatory Homeostasis and the Response to Brain Ischemia
Current Neurovascular Research Adiponectin in Asthma: Implications for Phenotyping
Current Protein & Peptide Science New Insights into the Roles of NAD+-Poly(ADP-ribose) Metabolism and Poly(ADP-ribose) Glycohydrolase
Current Protein & Peptide Science CT and MR Imaging of the Encephalopathic Child
Current Medical Imaging