Abstract
Insulin resistance has been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and thus with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Insulin resistance precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes by many years. Targeting the pathophysiologic defects that characterize the onset of diabetes is more likely to achieve a durable glucose control and to delay disease progression. Incretins are gut-derived peptides that stimulate in a glucose-dependent mechanism insulin secretion and action. Glucose-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors both decrease fasting and postprandial glucose levels. In addition, GLP-1 analogues promote weight loss and exert a favorable effect on several cardiovascular risk factors. Data from human and experimental studies implicate that GLP-1 analogues and to a less extend DPP-4 inhibitors enhance insulin sensitivity. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the impact of GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors on insulin resistance.
Keywords: DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogues, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes.
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title:Incretin-based Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Effects on Insulin Resistance
Volume: 9 Issue: 5
Author(s): Pinelopi Grigoropoulou, Ioanna Eleftheriadou, Christos Zoupas, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis and Nicholas Tentolouris
Affiliation:
Keywords: DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogues, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: Insulin resistance has been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and thus with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Insulin resistance precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes by many years. Targeting the pathophysiologic defects that characterize the onset of diabetes is more likely to achieve a durable glucose control and to delay disease progression. Incretins are gut-derived peptides that stimulate in a glucose-dependent mechanism insulin secretion and action. Glucose-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors both decrease fasting and postprandial glucose levels. In addition, GLP-1 analogues promote weight loss and exert a favorable effect on several cardiovascular risk factors. Data from human and experimental studies implicate that GLP-1 analogues and to a less extend DPP-4 inhibitors enhance insulin sensitivity. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the impact of GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors on insulin resistance.
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Grigoropoulou Pinelopi, Eleftheriadou Ioanna, Zoupas Christos, Diamanti-Kandarakis Evanthia and Tentolouris Nicholas, Incretin-based Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Effects on Insulin Resistance, Current Diabetes Reviews 2013; 9 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733998113099990070
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733998113099990070 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
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