Abstract
There are different opinions on a possible sex bias in diabetes. In Sweden we have access to data since the 1930s, making it an ideal model. We aimed to study gender differences and time trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes in Sweden. We found 31 articles on incidence and 8 on prevalence (6 overlapping). Times series on incidence were found regarding children 0–15 years of age (with the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry, SCDR, since 1977), with up to 14,721 children with diabetes and with a high degree of ascertainment. Incidence time series were also found for subjects aged 15–34 (Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden, DISS, since 1983), with up to 7,369 subjects and with a lower degree of ascertainment compared to SCDR. Regarding age from 40 years and above fewer studies were found, and with a much lower number of subjects with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes incidence in children has had a relative increase of approximately 2% per year since 1938. Incidence rates in children 0–14 years of age show no gender differences, but in subjects aged 15–39 years a male preponderance up to twofold is found. Figures for subjects 40 years or older are more uncertain, but show a fairly equal incidence among men and women. The male preponderance in type 1 diabetes from age 15 up to 40–50 could be due to hormonal influence, with higher peripheral insulin resistance among men in young adults and younger middle age.
Keywords: Gender, Incidence, Prevalence, Sweden, Type 1 Diabetes mellitus.
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title:Time Trends and Gender Differences in Incidence and Prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes in Sweden
Volume: 9 Issue: 4
Author(s): Per E. Wandell and Axel C. Carlsson
Affiliation:
Keywords: Gender, Incidence, Prevalence, Sweden, Type 1 Diabetes mellitus.
Abstract: There are different opinions on a possible sex bias in diabetes. In Sweden we have access to data since the 1930s, making it an ideal model. We aimed to study gender differences and time trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes in Sweden. We found 31 articles on incidence and 8 on prevalence (6 overlapping). Times series on incidence were found regarding children 0–15 years of age (with the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry, SCDR, since 1977), with up to 14,721 children with diabetes and with a high degree of ascertainment. Incidence time series were also found for subjects aged 15–34 (Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden, DISS, since 1983), with up to 7,369 subjects and with a lower degree of ascertainment compared to SCDR. Regarding age from 40 years and above fewer studies were found, and with a much lower number of subjects with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes incidence in children has had a relative increase of approximately 2% per year since 1938. Incidence rates in children 0–14 years of age show no gender differences, but in subjects aged 15–39 years a male preponderance up to twofold is found. Figures for subjects 40 years or older are more uncertain, but show a fairly equal incidence among men and women. The male preponderance in type 1 diabetes from age 15 up to 40–50 could be due to hormonal influence, with higher peripheral insulin resistance among men in young adults and younger middle age.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Wandell E. Per and Carlsson C. Axel, Time Trends and Gender Differences in Incidence and Prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes in Sweden, Current Diabetes Reviews 2013; 9 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733998113099990064
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733998113099990064 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancing Diabetic Wound Healing: Mechanisms and Interventions
In recent years, diabetic wounds have become a global health concern with the increase in the incidence of diabetes. Diabetic wounds are a kind of chronic and refractory ulcer. It is generally due to the microcirculatory disturbances and the reduced levels of endogenous growth factors. Delayed cutaneous wound healing is ...read more
Oxidative and inflammatory responses in the development of secondary diabetic complications
Diabetes, along with its associated secondary complications, represents a significant global health challenge, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. Unhealthy lifestyle habits, reduced physical activity, environmental pollutants, and stress are pivotal factors in the onset of diabetes, particularly type-2 diabetes. Poorly managed hyperglycemia can lead to various complications, including neuropathy, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The TOLL-like / Type-I Interferon Pathways as Emerging Therapeutic Targets for Autoimmune Diseases
Drug Design Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Targeting IL-17 and IL-23 in Immune Mediated Renal Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Axis of Thrombospondin-1, Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Connective Tissue Growth Factor: An Emerging Therapeutic Target in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Lymphatics and Inflammation
Current Medicinal Chemistry Drug Therapy of Neuropathic Pain: Current Developments and Future Perspectives
Current Drug Targets Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) to Counteract Tumour- Induced ImmuneDysfunction: From Biochemistry to Clinical Development
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Multiple Roles of the Extracellular Matrix in Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current Therapeutic Concepts in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nitric Oxide and Dietary Factors: Part V Summary/Conclusion and References
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Lymphatic Endothelial Cells, Inflammatory Lymphangiogenesis, and Prospective Players
Current Medicinal Chemistry Immune Aging and Autoimmune Diseases in Children
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Targeted Delivery of Anti-Inflammatory Agents to Tumors
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Recombinant Serotypes of AAV Vectors
Current Gene Therapy Immunomodulation Mechanism of Antidepressants: Interactions between Serotonin/Norepinephrine Balance and Th1/Th2 Balance
Current Neuropharmacology Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Dementia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Biological Basis of Novel Therapies for Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Cardiac Gene Therapy: Therapeutic Potential and Current Progress
Current Gene Therapy Identifying Novel Targets for Treatment of Liver Fibrosis: What Can We Learn from Injured Tissues which Heal Without a Scar?
Current Drug Targets Candidate Genes Implicated in Type 1 Diabetes Susceptibility
Current Diabetes Reviews Genomics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD); Exploring the SNPs of Protease-Antiprotease Pathway
Current Genomics