Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) is synthesized by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) from acetylcoenzime A and choline. This reaction occurs not only in pre-ganglionic fibers of the autonomic nervous system and post-ganglionic parasympathetic nervous fibers but also in non neuronal cells. This knowledge led to expand the role of ACh as a neurotransmitter and to consider it as a “cytotransmitter” and also to evaluate the existence of a non-neuronal cholinergic system comprising ACh, ChAT, acetylcholinesterase, and the nicotinic and muscarinic ACh receptors, outside the nervous system. This review analyzes the participation of cholinergic system in inflammation and discusses the role of different muscarinic and nicotinic drugs that are being used to treat skin inflammatory disorders, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as well as, intestinal inflammation and systemic inflammatory diseases, among others, to assess the potential application of these compounds as therapeutic tools.
Keywords: acetylcholine, muscarinic receptors-nicotinic receptors-cholinergic drugs, atopic dermatitis-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, intestinal inflammation, sepsis.
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Cholinergic Drugs as Therapeutic Tools in Inflammatory Diseases: Participation of Neuronal and Non-Neuronal Cholinergic Systems.
Volume: 12 Issue: 2
Author(s): María Elena Sales
Affiliation:
Keywords: acetylcholine, muscarinic receptors-nicotinic receptors-cholinergic drugs, atopic dermatitis-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, intestinal inflammation, sepsis.
Abstract: Acetylcholine (ACh) is synthesized by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) from acetylcoenzime A and choline. This reaction occurs not only in pre-ganglionic fibers of the autonomic nervous system and post-ganglionic parasympathetic nervous fibers but also in non neuronal cells. This knowledge led to expand the role of ACh as a neurotransmitter and to consider it as a “cytotransmitter” and also to evaluate the existence of a non-neuronal cholinergic system comprising ACh, ChAT, acetylcholinesterase, and the nicotinic and muscarinic ACh receptors, outside the nervous system. This review analyzes the participation of cholinergic system in inflammation and discusses the role of different muscarinic and nicotinic drugs that are being used to treat skin inflammatory disorders, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as well as, intestinal inflammation and systemic inflammatory diseases, among others, to assess the potential application of these compounds as therapeutic tools.
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Cite this article as:
Elena Sales María, Cholinergic Drugs as Therapeutic Tools in Inflammatory Diseases: Participation of Neuronal and Non-Neuronal Cholinergic Systems., Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 12 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871523011312020002
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871523011312020002 |
Print ISSN 1871-5230 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-614X |
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