Abstract
A wealth of preclinical and clinical literature has established functional associations of CNS dopamine (DA) and its multiple G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) types in the integration of key neurological processes linked to complex behavioral activities. Conversely, an equivalent vast literature supports the role of aberrant CNS DA expression and DA receptor signaling in the etiology and persistence of major psychiatric illnesses and has established selective targeting of DA-ergic systems as a cornerstone of pharmacotherapeutic intervention and current neuroleptic drug development. The present short review focuses on potential functional/behavioral alterations linked to polymorphisms in the primary DNA sequence of the DA receptor type 4 (DRD4) gene in reference to major psychiatric illnesses. The potential clinical relevance of major polymorphisms of the DRD4 gene are discussed within the context of practical aspects of typical and atypical neuroleptic drug usage within afflicted populations of psychiatric patients. It is anticipated that additional complementary molecular, biochemical, and behavioral studies of DRD4 gene polymorphisms will provide essential information for selective targeting of heterogeneous populations of CNS D4 receptors and advance drug discovery and therapeutic development efforts for highly efficacious treatment of psychiatric illnesses.
Keywords: D4 receptors, DRD4, dopamine receptor gene, psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, antipsychotics
Current Drug Targets
Title:Targeted D4 Dopamine Receptors: Implications for Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Development
Volume: 14 Issue: 4
Author(s): Radek Ptacek, Hana Kuzelova, George B. Stefano, Jiri Raboch and Richard M. Kream
Affiliation:
Keywords: D4 receptors, DRD4, dopamine receptor gene, psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, antipsychotics
Abstract: A wealth of preclinical and clinical literature has established functional associations of CNS dopamine (DA) and its multiple G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) types in the integration of key neurological processes linked to complex behavioral activities. Conversely, an equivalent vast literature supports the role of aberrant CNS DA expression and DA receptor signaling in the etiology and persistence of major psychiatric illnesses and has established selective targeting of DA-ergic systems as a cornerstone of pharmacotherapeutic intervention and current neuroleptic drug development. The present short review focuses on potential functional/behavioral alterations linked to polymorphisms in the primary DNA sequence of the DA receptor type 4 (DRD4) gene in reference to major psychiatric illnesses. The potential clinical relevance of major polymorphisms of the DRD4 gene are discussed within the context of practical aspects of typical and atypical neuroleptic drug usage within afflicted populations of psychiatric patients. It is anticipated that additional complementary molecular, biochemical, and behavioral studies of DRD4 gene polymorphisms will provide essential information for selective targeting of heterogeneous populations of CNS D4 receptors and advance drug discovery and therapeutic development efforts for highly efficacious treatment of psychiatric illnesses.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ptacek Radek, Kuzelova Hana, B. Stefano George, Raboch Jiri and M. Kream Richard, Targeted D4 Dopamine Receptors: Implications for Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Development, Current Drug Targets 2013; 14 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450111314040012
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450111314040012 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New drug therapy for eye diseases
Eyesight is one of the most critical senses, accounting for over 80% of our perceptions. Our quality of life might be significantly affected by eye disease, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, etc. Although the development of microinvasive ocular surgery reduces surgical complications and improves overall outcomes, medication therapy is ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
5'-Nucleotidases, Nucleosides and their Distribution in the Brain: Pathological and Therapeutic Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Pharmacology of Serotonin Receptor Type 3 (5-HT3) Antagonists
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents Potential for the Rational Design of Allosteric Modulators of Class C GPCRs
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacological Aspects of (-)-Deprenyl
Current Medicinal Chemistry Stem Cell Therapy for Alzheimers Disease
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Piribedil: Antiparkinsonian Properties and Potential Clinical Utility in Dopaminergic Disorders
Current Drug Therapy Neuroimaging Studies of Substance Abuse in Schizophrenia
Current Psychiatry Reviews Nicotine and Nicotinic Receptor Involvement in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Dopamine Targeting Drugs for the Treatment of Schizophrenia: Past, Present and Future
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Effect of PAOPA, a Novel Allosteric Modulator of Dopamine D2 Receptors, on Signaling Proteins Following Sub-Chronic Administration in Rats
Current Molecular Pharmacology EDITORIAL (Thematic Issue: New Targets of Medical Treatment in Psychiatric Disorders)
Current Neuropharmacology Advances in Clinical Study of Curcumin
Current Pharmaceutical Design Effects of Yokukansan, a Japanese Kampo Medicine for Symptoms Associated Autism Spectrum Disorder
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets <i>In-silico</i> Prediction of the Beta-carboline Alkaloids Harmine and Harmaline as Potent Drug Candidates for the Treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Controversies of Dopamine Agonists: Somnolence, Cardiac Valvulopathy and Repetitive Behaviors
Current Drug Therapy Patterns of Self-Medication with Medicinal Plants and Related Adverse Events - A South American Survey
Current Drug Safety Schizophrenia: From Dopamine to Glutamate and Back
Current Medicinal Chemistry Alpha-synuclein, Proteotoxicity and Parkinson's Disease: Search for Neuroprotective Therapy
Current Neuropharmacology A Laconic Overview on Fast Dissolving Sublingual Films as Propitious Dosage Form
Drug Delivery Letters Targeting Nicotinic Receptors for Parkinson's Disease Therapy
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets