Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) enables the observation of brain function in vivo. Several brain metabolites can be measured by the means of 1H MRS: N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline containing compounds (Cho), myo-inositol (mI) and glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln) and GABA (together as Glx complex or separately). 1H MRS measures have been found to be abnormal in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Here we specifically review the influence exerted by antipsychotic drugs on brain metabolism, as detected by1H MRS. We systematically reviewed the available literature and uncovered 27 studies, 16 before-after treatment and 11 cross-sectional. Most of them addressed the effects of antipsychotics in schizophrenia and mainly focusing on NAA alterations. Follow up studies indicated antipsychotic drugs may act by increasing NAA levels in selected brain areas (the frontal lobe and thalamus), especially during the short-time observation. This phenomenon seems to vanish after longer observation. Other studies indicated that glutamate measures are decreasing along with the duration of the disease, suggesting both a neurodegenerative process present in schizophrenic brain as well as an influence of antipsychotics.
The above results were reviewed according to the most recent theories in the field accounting for the impact of antipsychotics 1HMRS measures.Keywords: Antipsychotics, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, N-acetylaspartate, glutamate, psychosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Changes After Antipsychotic Treatment
Volume: 20 Issue: 3
Author(s): Agata Szulc, Beata Galinska-Skok, Napoleon Waszkiewicz, Daniel Bibulowicz, Beata Konarzewska and Eugeniusz Tarasow
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antipsychotics, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, N-acetylaspartate, glutamate, psychosis
Abstract: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) enables the observation of brain function in vivo. Several brain metabolites can be measured by the means of 1H MRS: N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline containing compounds (Cho), myo-inositol (mI) and glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln) and GABA (together as Glx complex or separately). 1H MRS measures have been found to be abnormal in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Here we specifically review the influence exerted by antipsychotic drugs on brain metabolism, as detected by1H MRS. We systematically reviewed the available literature and uncovered 27 studies, 16 before-after treatment and 11 cross-sectional. Most of them addressed the effects of antipsychotics in schizophrenia and mainly focusing on NAA alterations. Follow up studies indicated antipsychotic drugs may act by increasing NAA levels in selected brain areas (the frontal lobe and thalamus), especially during the short-time observation. This phenomenon seems to vanish after longer observation. Other studies indicated that glutamate measures are decreasing along with the duration of the disease, suggesting both a neurodegenerative process present in schizophrenic brain as well as an influence of antipsychotics.
The above results were reviewed according to the most recent theories in the field accounting for the impact of antipsychotics 1HMRS measures.Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Szulc Agata, Galinska-Skok Beata, Waszkiewicz Napoleon, Bibulowicz Daniel, Konarzewska Beata and Tarasow Eugeniusz, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Changes After Antipsychotic Treatment, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 20 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867311320030013
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867311320030013 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Model for Accelerated Patient- and Disease-specific Drug Discovery
Current Medicinal Chemistry ABC Transporter Inhibitors in Reversing Multidrug Resistance to Chemotherapy
Current Drug Targets Dysfunction of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and Mitochondria (MT) in Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of the ER-MT Cross-Talk
Current Alzheimer Research Novel Ferulic Acid-donepezil Hybrids as Multifunctional Agents for th e Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease with Butyrylcholinesterase, Amyloid- β, Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Properties
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Restoring p53 Function in Cancer: Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Applying the Brakes to Tumorigenesis
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Polysialyltransferase: A New Target in Metastatic Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets P-Glycoprotein, but not Multidrug Resistance Protein 4, Plays a Role in the Systemic Clearance of Irinotecan and SN-38 in Mice
Drug Metabolism Letters Biochemical Markers for Brain Injury Monitoring in Children with or without Congenital Heart Diseases
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Recent Advances in Minimal Access Surgery for Infants and Children
Current Pediatric Reviews Preface
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Hydrogen Sulphide: Biopharmacological Roles in the Cardiovascular System and Pharmaceutical Perspectives
Current Medicinal Chemistry ABC Transporters as Potential Targets for Modulation of Drug Resistance
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Organosulphur Compounds Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Cervical Cancer Cells via Downregulation of HPV E6 and E7 Oncogenes
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Phosphoinositide-3-kinases as the Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Inflammatory Diseases: Current and Future Perspectives
Current Drug Targets Computer Aided Drug Design Studies in the Discovery of Secondary Metabolites Targeted Against Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Quality Control in Neurodegenerative Disease: The Good, the Bad and the Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Potential Deployment of Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and of Angiotensin II Type 1 and Type 2 Receptor Blockers in Cancer Chemotherapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Ribonucleases, Nucleases and Antiangiogenins in Antiproliferative Activities
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Insulin-Degrading Enzyme: Structure-Function Relationship and its Possible Roles in Health and Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Interplay Between Cholesterol and Homocysteine in the Exacerbation of Amyloid-β Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma Cells
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets