Abstract
Inflammatory diseases including, different types of rheumatic diseases are the major problems associated with the presently available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The numbers of plant derived drugs have been screened for their anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. Drug development in the recent times often relies on use of natural and synthetic drugs, which are promising candidates as therapeutic agents for prevention of diseases and disorders. These drugs possess different chemical structures, with wide range of therapeutic activities. The mechanism of Inflammation mainly involve in development of serious diseases, such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, sprains, bronchitis, muscle pains, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, persistent asthma, and liver fibrosis. Development of inflammatory events basically related to various chemicals, such as glucocorticoids (GCs) and mometasone furoate (MF); endogenous factors such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); enzymes and proteins such as copper and zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD), proinflammatory peptide substance (PPS), RGD peptides, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, interferon- λ (IFN- λ), COX, LOX, cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1); reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2; as well as pro-inflammatory cells such as T and NK cells are well known to have an important role. Based on these correlations, numerous assays were used for inflammatory mechanism research, which was described in this paper.
Keywords: Herbal drugs, Synthetic drugs, Anti-Inflammatory assays
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Optimized Methods for In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Assays and Its Applications in Herbal and Synthetic Drug Analysis
Volume: 13 Issue: 1
Author(s): Shivraj Hariram Nile and Se Won Park
Affiliation:
Keywords: Herbal drugs, Synthetic drugs, Anti-Inflammatory assays
Abstract: Inflammatory diseases including, different types of rheumatic diseases are the major problems associated with the presently available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The numbers of plant derived drugs have been screened for their anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. Drug development in the recent times often relies on use of natural and synthetic drugs, which are promising candidates as therapeutic agents for prevention of diseases and disorders. These drugs possess different chemical structures, with wide range of therapeutic activities. The mechanism of Inflammation mainly involve in development of serious diseases, such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, sprains, bronchitis, muscle pains, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, persistent asthma, and liver fibrosis. Development of inflammatory events basically related to various chemicals, such as glucocorticoids (GCs) and mometasone furoate (MF); endogenous factors such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); enzymes and proteins such as copper and zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD), proinflammatory peptide substance (PPS), RGD peptides, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, interferon- λ (IFN- λ), COX, LOX, cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1); reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2; as well as pro-inflammatory cells such as T and NK cells are well known to have an important role. Based on these correlations, numerous assays were used for inflammatory mechanism research, which was described in this paper.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Hariram Nile Shivraj and Won Park Se, Optimized Methods for In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Assays and Its Applications in Herbal and Synthetic Drug Analysis, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 13 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557511307010095
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557511307010095 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry
The thematic issue "Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry" provides a robust platform for delving into state-of-the-art computational methodologies and technologies that significantly propel advancements in medicinal chemistry. This edition seeks to amalgamate top-tier reviews spotlighting the latest trends and breakthroughs in the fusion of computational approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI) ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer?s, Parkinson?s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
Natural Products in Drug Discovery
Natural products have always been one of the important ways of drug discovery due to their novel skeleton and diverse functional group characteristics. According to statistics, between 1981 and 2019, the FDA approved a total of 1,394 small molecule drugs for marketing, of which 930 marketed drugs originated from the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Stem Cells in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Rationally Designed Multitarget Agents Against Inflammation and Pain
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pyruvate Kinase M2: Regulatory Circuits and Potential for Therapeutic Intervention
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinical Assessment of Autonomic Function in Fibromyalgia by the Refined and Abbreviated Composite Autonomic Symptom Score (COMPASS 31): A Case-Controlled Study
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Etiology of Neuroinflammatory Pathologies in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Treatise
Current Psychopharmacology Angiogenesis as Risk Factor for Plaque Vulnerability
Current Pharmaceutical Design Structural and Functional Diversity of Estrogen Receptor Ligands
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Antiplatelet and Antileukocyte Effects of Cardiovascular,Immunomodulatory and Chemotherapeutic Drugs
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Lipoxygenases (LOs): An Heterogenous Family of Lipid Peroxidizing Enzymes Implicated in Cell Differentiation, Inflammation, Asthma, Carcinogenesis, Atherogenesis-An Interesting Target for the Development of Promising Drugs
Current Enzyme Inhibition Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Pulsatile–Release Tablets for the Treatment of Morning Anginal Symptoms: Dual Optimization, Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation
Current Drug Delivery Molecular Mechanisms of Glucocorticoids Action: From Basic Research to Clinical Implications
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) The Impact of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Cascades on the Development of Septic and Autoimmune Arthritis
Current Rheumatology Reviews The Host Complement System and Arbovirus Pathogenesis
Current Drug Targets Depression has a Strong Relationship to Alterations in the Immune, Endocrine and Neural System
Current Psychiatry Reviews An Educational Altered Eating Intervention’s Effect on Chronic Pain, Satisfaction, and Routine
Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs Liposomes: Targeted and Controlled Delivery System
Drug Delivery Letters Trace Elements Supplementation: Recent Advances and Perspectives
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Dual Effects of Antioxidants in Neurodegeneration: Direct Neuroprotection against Oxidative Stress and Indirect Protection via Suppression of Gliamediated Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Patent Annotations
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Stem Cells Therapies in Basic Science and Translational Medicine: Current Status and Treatment Monitoring Strategies
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology