Abstract
Adult organ regeneration occurs in many systems such as in liver, skin, intestine and heart, indicating that postnatal life is not a static or quiescent state but a dynamic and complex process. The liver is a spectacular organ, exhibiting high regenerative capacity crucial for homeostasis and tissue repair: injuries induced mechanically or chemically, can be completely restored. Regeneration involves extensive cell division, inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling processes. At the molecular level, one of the key mediators of regeneration response is the secreted cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). TGFβ is a profibrogenic and anti-proliferative protein with pleiotropic functions depending on the cellular context. In this review, we discuss the role of TGFβ in the development of the liver and in adult liver regeneration, with particular emphasis on its role in regulation of hepatocyte regeneration and in hepatic progenitor cell-induced regeneration. Finally, we give an overview of the current direction of liver research towards cell replacement therapies.
Keywords: Liver, regeneration, TGFβ, hepatocytes, hepatic progenitor cells, homeostasis, tissue repair, cell division, inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:TGFβ Signaling in Liver Regeneration
Volume: 18 Issue: 27
Author(s): Sofia Karkampouna, Peter ten Dijke, Steven Dooley and Marianna Kruithof-de Julio
Affiliation:
Keywords: Liver, regeneration, TGFβ, hepatocytes, hepatic progenitor cells, homeostasis, tissue repair, cell division, inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling.
Abstract: Adult organ regeneration occurs in many systems such as in liver, skin, intestine and heart, indicating that postnatal life is not a static or quiescent state but a dynamic and complex process. The liver is a spectacular organ, exhibiting high regenerative capacity crucial for homeostasis and tissue repair: injuries induced mechanically or chemically, can be completely restored. Regeneration involves extensive cell division, inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling processes. At the molecular level, one of the key mediators of regeneration response is the secreted cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). TGFβ is a profibrogenic and anti-proliferative protein with pleiotropic functions depending on the cellular context. In this review, we discuss the role of TGFβ in the development of the liver and in adult liver regeneration, with particular emphasis on its role in regulation of hepatocyte regeneration and in hepatic progenitor cell-induced regeneration. Finally, we give an overview of the current direction of liver research towards cell replacement therapies.
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Cite this article as:
Karkampouna Sofia, ten Dijke Peter, Dooley Steven and Kruithof-de Julio Marianna, TGFβ Signaling in Liver Regeneration, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (27) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802430521
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802430521 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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