Voltammetry for Sensing Applications

Recent Advances on Electrochemical Sensors for Detection and Analysis of Heavy Metals

Author(s): Monima Sarma * .

Pp: 177-214 (38)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815039719122010009

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Since the beginning of modern civilization, heavy metals have been used in
various industrial, domestic, technological, medical applications, etc. Often, if not all
the time, the uncontrolled release of sewage to the water resources and emission from
the industrial plants in the environment raises alarms over their potential impacts on
human health and the environment. These metallic elements, being potentially toxic,
are known to cause multiple organ impairment, even at extremely low exposure limits.
Thus, it is highly imperative to develop simple and sensitive methods for their
detection. Electrochemical techniques are one of the most promising methods for heavy
metal sensing because of their short analytical time, easy accessibility, and high
sensitivity for in-situ measurements. In this chapter, we discuss heavy metals and their
potential adverse effects on human health and the environment, strategies for the design
of materials for sensing the heavy metals/ions and their mechanisms, and the recent
developments of electrochemical sensors in heavy metal detection. The chapter puts
more emphasis on materials than methods.


Keywords: Biochemical detection, Biomaterials, Electrochemistry, Electrochemical detection, Electrochemical sensing, Enzyme, Fuel cells, Heavy metal ions, Inorganic nanomaterials, Microorganism, Organic nanomaterials, Photocatalysis, Recognition, Redox reactions, Screen-printed electrochemical sensors, Self-powered electrochemical sensors, Sensors, Toxicity, Voltammetry, Wastewater analysis.

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