Abstract
High blood pressure in children and adolescents may have an adverse impact on the heart, the vessels, the kidney, and the central nervous system causing early functional or structural changes. The most prevalent subclinical hypertensive target organ damage in children and adolescents is left ventricular hypertrophy, and echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular mass is suggested in all hypertensive children. There is evolving evidence that antihypertensive treatment in children and adolescents could lead to regression of target organ damage, emphasizing also the importance of adequate blood pressure control. Assessment of subclinical organ damage could guide clinical decisions from diagnosis with regard to intensity non-pharmacological treatment, time to wait for initiation of pharmacological treatment, and choice of drug. Longitudinal studies are needed to relate the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment and blood pressure targets in childhood with future cardiovascular or renal events. This review summarizes evidence on the associations of hypertension with target organ damage in children and adolescents and the role of antihypertensive therapy on the regression of target organ damage in the pediatric age group.
Keywords: Hypertension, children, left ventricular hypertrophy, carotid intima-media thickness, executive function, antihypertensive treatment.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Treatment of Hypertension Induced Target Organ Damage in Children and Adolescents
Volume: 24 Issue: 37
Author(s): Katerina Chrysaidou and Stella Stabouli*
Affiliation:
- 1st Department Pediatrics, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Hippocratio General Hospital,Greece
Keywords: Hypertension, children, left ventricular hypertrophy, carotid intima-media thickness, executive function, antihypertensive treatment.
Abstract: High blood pressure in children and adolescents may have an adverse impact on the heart, the vessels, the kidney, and the central nervous system causing early functional or structural changes. The most prevalent subclinical hypertensive target organ damage in children and adolescents is left ventricular hypertrophy, and echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular mass is suggested in all hypertensive children. There is evolving evidence that antihypertensive treatment in children and adolescents could lead to regression of target organ damage, emphasizing also the importance of adequate blood pressure control. Assessment of subclinical organ damage could guide clinical decisions from diagnosis with regard to intensity non-pharmacological treatment, time to wait for initiation of pharmacological treatment, and choice of drug. Longitudinal studies are needed to relate the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment and blood pressure targets in childhood with future cardiovascular or renal events. This review summarizes evidence on the associations of hypertension with target organ damage in children and adolescents and the role of antihypertensive therapy on the regression of target organ damage in the pediatric age group.
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Cite this article as:
Chrysaidou Katerina and Stabouli Stella *, Treatment of Hypertension Induced Target Organ Damage in Children and Adolescents, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2018; 24 (37) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666181127095450
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666181127095450 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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