Review of Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections

Title:Review of Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections

Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Author(s): Derek Zhorne*, Kathleen Kilroy Bradford and Ravi Jhaveri

Affiliation:

• Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City IA, 52242,United States

Keywords: Acute bacterial arthritis, acute bacterial osteomyelitis, epidemiology, osteoarticular infection, pediatrics, septic arthritis.

Abstract: Background: Pediatric osteoarticular infections are relatively rare but important diseases to identify early and treat appropriately in order to avoid associated acute complications or long-term morbidity.

Objective: To review the current epidemiology and etiology of pediatric osteoarticular infections as well as recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of these infections.

Methods: We searched PubMed (MEDLINE) and Scopus databases for potentially relevant publications in the past 5 years.

Results: Bacterial epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles vary greatly worldwide, although Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci and Kingella kingae are the predominant pathogens. There is emerging evidence supporting the role of PCR assays for pathogen detection.

Conclusion: Current data suggest that most children with osteoarticular infections can be successfully transitioned to oral antibiotics after having received at least several days of intravenous therapy, undergone removal of significant infectious foci and having demonstrated clinical improvement with down trending inflammatory markers. The optimal length and route of antimicrobial therapy have not been fully elucidated and should depend on individual patient factors, the virulence of the pathogen and the monitored clinical and laboratory response to therapy.

Cite this article as:

Zhorne Derek *, Bradford Kilroy Kathleen and Jhaveri Ravi , Review of Pediatric Osteoarticular Infections, Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials 2017; 12(4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574887112666170828120040