Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive loss of muscle strength and mass, and a decline in neurophysiologic functions, which are characteristic features of neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). Understanding aging induced neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dysfunction is very crucial to understand the mechanism underlying NMDs. Morphological and physiological changes result in remodelling of the motor unit and a decline in the number of motor neuron muscle fibres. These alterations lead to excitation–contraction uncoupling and a loss of communication between the neuromuscular system, causing a decline in skeletal muscle strength and muscle mass. Understanding the molecular basis of NMJ dysfunction is essential in search for new treatment options. Besides structural and molecular studies, search for animal models to establish connection between brain and muscle is needed. Among various factors it has been observed that stress is one of the leading causes of NMDs. In the present review, we aim to explore various factors linking stress and NMDs neuromuscular disorders which gets aggravated by aging, with a special emphasis on mitochondrial connection. This in turn will help us gain new insights in the treatment of NMDs by aiding in improved symptoms, increased mobility and prolonged life.
Keywords: Stress, neuromuscular disorders, neuromuscular junction, fibromyalgia syndrome, oxidative stress.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Linkage of Stress with Neuromuscular Disorders
Volume: 15 Issue: 3
Author(s): Ghulam M. Ashraf, Ashraf Ali, Shams Tabrez, Syed Kashif Zaidi, Shazi Shakil, Mohammad Z. Alam, Mohammad Rehan and Gjumrakch Aliev
Affiliation:
Keywords: Stress, neuromuscular disorders, neuromuscular junction, fibromyalgia syndrome, oxidative stress.
Abstract: Aging is associated with a progressive loss of muscle strength and mass, and a decline in neurophysiologic functions, which are characteristic features of neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). Understanding aging induced neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dysfunction is very crucial to understand the mechanism underlying NMDs. Morphological and physiological changes result in remodelling of the motor unit and a decline in the number of motor neuron muscle fibres. These alterations lead to excitation–contraction uncoupling and a loss of communication between the neuromuscular system, causing a decline in skeletal muscle strength and muscle mass. Understanding the molecular basis of NMJ dysfunction is essential in search for new treatment options. Besides structural and molecular studies, search for animal models to establish connection between brain and muscle is needed. Among various factors it has been observed that stress is one of the leading causes of NMDs. In the present review, we aim to explore various factors linking stress and NMDs neuromuscular disorders which gets aggravated by aging, with a special emphasis on mitochondrial connection. This in turn will help us gain new insights in the treatment of NMDs by aiding in improved symptoms, increased mobility and prolonged life.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Ashraf M. Ghulam, Ali Ashraf, Tabrez Shams, Zaidi Kashif Syed, Shakil Shazi, Alam Z. Mohammad, Rehan Mohammad and Aliev Gjumrakch, Linkage of Stress with Neuromuscular Disorders, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2016; 15 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527315666160202124900
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527315666160202124900 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infectious diseases
Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be divided into bacterial, tuberculous, viral, fungal, parasitic infections, etc. Early etiological treatment is often the most crucial means to reduce the mortality rate of patients with central nervous system infections, reduce complications and sequelae, and improve prognosis. The initial clinical ...read more
Techniques of Drug Repurposing: Delivering a new life to Herbs & Drugs
Of late, with the adaptation of innovative approaches and integration of advancements made towards medical sciences as well as the availability of a wide range of tools; several therapeutic challenges are being translated into viable clinical solutions, with a high degree of efficacy, safety, and selectivity. With a better understanding ...read more
Trends and perspectives in the rational management of CNS disorders
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases enforce a significant global health burden, driving ongoing efforts to improve our understanding and effectiveness of therapy. This issue investigates current advances in the discipline, focusing on the understanding as well as therapeutic handling of various CNS diseases. The issue covers a variety of diseases, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Interaction of Human Herpesvirus 8 Viral Interleukin-6 with Human Interleukin-6 Receptor Using <i>In Silico</i> Approach: The Potential Role in HHV-8 Pathogenesis
Current Proteomics Immunotherapy of Cancer Based on DC-Tumor Fusion Vaccine
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Targeting of Hsp32 in Solid Tumors and Leukemias: A Novel Approach to Optimize Anticancer Therapy (Supplementry Material)
Current Cancer Drug Targets “Smart” Nanocarriers: A New Paradigm for Tumor Targeting Drug Delivery Systems
Drug Delivery Letters EDITORIAL [Hot topic: New Therapeutic Advances and Perspectives in Tumour Angiogenesis (Guest Editor: Eddy Pasquier)]
Current Cancer Drug Targets Scorpion Toxin Polyptides as Therapeutic Agents: An Overview
Protein & Peptide Letters Need to Think Outside Organ-based Diagnosis to Molecular Diagnostics
Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs Refractory Cough as a Remote Manifestation of Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Biologically Active 4-Thiazolidinones: A Review of QSAR Studies and QSAR Modeling of Antitumor Activity
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Innovations and Opportunities to Improve Conventional (Deoxy)Nucleoside and Fluoropyrimidine Analogs in Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) in Regenerative Medicine: Molecular Mechanism for PPAR in Stem Cells’ Adipocyte Differentiation
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Interleukin-26, a Highly Cationic T-Cell Cytokine Targeting Epithelial Cells
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Changing Face of HIV/AIDS in Treated Patients
Current HIV Research Targeting RANK/RANKL in the Treatment of Solid Tumours and Myeloma
Current Pharmaceutical Design Polymeric Carriers for Gene Delivery: Chitosan and Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers
Current Pharmaceutical Design A Review of Natural and Modified Betulinic, Ursolic and Echinocystic Acid Derivatives as Potential Antitumor and Anti-HIV Agents
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Imaging in Computer-Assisted Tumor Surgery of the Sacrum and Pelvis
Current Medical Imaging Monocytes Mediate HIV Neuropathogenesis: Mechanisms that Contribute to HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorders
Current HIV Research Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in the Tumor Micro-Environment and its Therapeutic Potential
Current Pharmaceutical Design Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Endophytic Fungi
Current Medicinal Chemistry